Positioning Basics Flashcards
The risk of cancer from radiologic exams accumulates over a _________
Lifetime
-each exposure from each exam contributes to the lifetime radiation exposure of the patient
Bare minimum required to view all anatomy of interest
2 opposing views, preferably at 90 degrees to eachother
Series = minimum for complete exam
The path of the x-ray beam (where it enters and though where it exits)
Projection
The perspective of how the film sees the image (lateral, oblique, axial, tangenital, anterior, posterior); how we see the film
View
View where there is more than a 10 degree tilt between the part and CR
Axial
The CR is directed so it intersects an object at only one point on the surface/skimming a body part
Tangential
Patient is recumbant, CR is horizontal, IR is vertical, in place of an upright view to show air-fluid levels
Decubitus
Part, IR, and CR relationship
- CR is centered to the middle of the part and mid-film/IR
- Long axis of the part is parallel to the long axis of the IR
- The CR is directed perpendicular to the part (and IR)
A-P = cephalic tilt P=A = caudal tilt
Views that utilize 72” SID
- All Lateral Cervical Spine
- All Oblique Cervical Spine
- Lateral Chest
- PA Chest
- AP Full-spine
Landmarks:
1) Mastoid Tip
2) Thyroid Cartilage
3) VP
4) Sternal Notch
5) Xiphoid Tip
6) Iliac Crest
7) ASIS
8) Greater Trochanter
9) Ischial Tuberositis
1) C1
2) C4
3) C7
4) T2
5) T10
6) L4/5
7) S2
8) PS/Coccyx tip
9) Bottom of pelvis
What landmark is easiest to palpate for regardless of body shape/size?
Greater Trochanter
-used to find pubic symphysis and coccyx tip
Calipers are used to measure body parts in what unit?
Centimeters
Anatomical markers are always placed in reference to:
Patients anatomical right or left
-Right side touching bucky = right marker, etc.
-Wrong marker = must repeat!!
Placed between x-ray beam and patient over thinnest portion of intended anatomy. Protects patient from some exposure and enables consistent radiographic density throughout the film part of interest
Flat Aluminum Filter
T/F Boomerrang is a compensating device that helps to protect the patient
FALSE
-It is a compensating device that does NOT help protect the patient
What is the 10 day rule for possibly pregnant patients?
The safest time to X-ray women of childbearing age is within the 10-day period after the onset of menses
T/F The CR, center of the part, and center of the IR must all match up
True
What information must an x-ray have on it to be legal?
- Unique identifiers for the patient
- Exam information
- Facility information
T/F Radiographic images are owned by the facility where they were created and NOT by the patient
True
Gonad shielding of not less than ______ will be used on patients who have not passed the reproductive age unless it would interfere with diagnostic procedures
0.25 mm (Iowa Law)
