Review Quiz Questions Flashcards
Describe the Operational Safety Triad?
Procedures, Equipment and Personnel (Incident Safety Officer, p. 17)
Define Risk Management
The Process of minimizing the chance, degree or probability of damage, injury or loss. (Incident Safety Officer, p. 24)
Describe the 5 stage Mitigation Hierarchy in order of hazard control strategies:
hint: “ERATA”
Elimination Reduction Adaptation Transfer Avoidance (Incident Safety Officer, p. 25)
Of the following incidents, which one is the ISO not required?
Reported Structure Fires
Wildland-urban interface fires
Specialty team activation
Incidents at target hazard complexes
Aircraft Incidents
Responses during extreme weather periods
Automotive Fires
Working Incidents (all resources committed)
Growing ICS span of control
Mutual-aid incidents
Firefighter Mayday sitations
Incidents requiring lengthy or difficult victim extrication efforts
Incidents requiring hazardous environment monitoring
IC discretion for any incident
Automotive Fires ((Incident Safety Officer, p. 46)
What building material “softens, elongates and loses strength” with prolonged exposure to fire
structural steel (Incident Safety Officer, p. 60)
A structural element that transfers loads perpendicularly to its imposed load
Beam (Incident Safety Officer, p. 61)
List the 5 building types
Type I: Fire Resistive Type II: Non Combustible Type III: Ordinary Type IV: Heavy Timber Type V: Wood Frame (Incident Safety Officer, p. 64)
Describe Heavy Timber Construction (Type IV)
Heavy Timber (Type IV) buildings can be defined as those that have block or brick exterior load bearing walls and interior structural elements of a substantial dimension (greater than 8 inches/20 cm) in thickness and width. Type IV buildings are like Type III but larger dimension lumber is used and void spaces are minimized. (Incident Safety Officer, p. 65)
Which building era is balloon framing found?
Industrial Era (Incident Safety Officer, p. 68)
List the 5 steps to predicting building collapse.
Divide the 5 steps into three “processes”
Step 1: Classify the building’s construction using the “type/era/use/size” approach
Step 2: Determine structural involvement (read the smoke and flames)
Step 3: Visualize and trace loads
Step 4: Evaluate Time
Step 5: Predict and communicate collapse potential (foundation for zoning).
Step 1 and 2 are the “identification process”
Step 3 and 4 are the “Analytical process”
Step 5 is the “decide and communication process”
(Incident Safety Officer, p. 70)
What is the suggested collapse zone for a working structure fire?
One and a half (1 1/2) times the height of the structure.
Incident Safety Officer, p. 73
What should the default strategy be for any fire in a building that is under construction, demolition or structural alteration?
Defensive
Incident Safety Officer, p. 73
Describe “Precautionary Withdrawal”
A precautionary withdrawal is a directive for crews to exit a building interior or roof in an orderly manner, bringing hoses and tools along.
(Incident Safety Officer, p. 74)
Describe two types of loads
Dead Load
Live Load
(Incident Safety Officer, p. 58)
List and describe three ways that a load can be applied to a member
Axial - a load imposed through the centroid of another object
Eccentric - a load imposed off centre to another object
Torsional - a load that is imposed in a manner that causes another object to twist.
(Incident Safety Officer, p. 58)
The preferred order of hazard mitigation is:
Eliminate
Reduce
Adapt
Incident Safety Officer, p. 58
The operational Triad consists of:
Procedures
Equipment
Personnel
Incident Safety Officer, p. 17
Define Risk Management
The Process of minimizing the chance, degree or probability of damage, injury or loss. (Incident Safety Officer, p. 24)
Attitudes about safety are affected by a fire department’s safety culture, LODD, Injuries history and___________
Training Proficiency
Incident Safety Officer, p. 22
ISO Rules and Responsibilities Fall under which NFPA standard?
NFPA 1561
Incident Safety Officer, p. 37
OSHA Health program falls under which NPFA Standard?
NFPA 1500
Incident Safety Officer, p. 36
Agency responsible for developing and implementing the US National response plan is:
DHS - Department of Homeland Security
NFPA Standard that gives the ISO the authority to stop, alter or terminate activities if an imminent danger exists is:
NFPA 1561
Name a type of an incident that would not require an automatic ISO?
Single vehicle / Car accident
Incident Safety Officer, p. 46
Which of the common systems of obtaining manpower for the ISO is the best system?
A dedicated ISO vs a safety committee member, senior officer or training officer acting as ISO during an incident.
Incident Safety Officer, p. 46
Which bends and loses strength when exposed to fire conditions?
1) Cast Iron
2) Concrete
3) Wood
4) Steel
Steel
Incident Safety Officer, p. 60
This structural element delivers its load perpendicularly to its imposed load
Beam
Incident Safety Officer, p. 61
Which type of construction is described by the following:
Block or brick load bearing walls.
Solid wood floors 8” in width
Roof or wide planking boards
No concealed spaces
Type IV - Timber
Incident Safety Officer, p. 65
Which type of construction is described by the following:
Wood frame constructed building
Type V
Incident Safety Officer, p. 66
The 1st step in the 5 step process to determine structural collapse is:
Classify the construction type.
Incident Safety Officer, p. 70
The 4th step in the 5 step process to determine structural collapse is:
Evaluate Time
Incident Safety Officer, p. 72
Structural fires (a fire that is consuming parts of a structure) indicate load bearing components are being compromised
True or FalseTrue or False
True
The collapse zone is typically at least how many times the height of a structure?
1 1/2 times the height of the building
Incident Safety Officer, p. 76
What’s the best approach tactic for buildings under construction?
Defensive
Incident Safety Officer, p. 73
Balloon framing technique was common in what era?
Industrial Era
Incident Safety Officer, p. p68
A beam that carries other beams
Girder
Incident Safety Officer, p. 62
Firefighters exposed to trauma, debris and secondary collapse is in which zone?
Collapse Zone
Incident Safety Officer, p. 76
NFPA 1521 allows the ISO to conduct a safety and health investigation
True or False
True
NFPA 1521 - Chapter 5
The ISO needs to communicate a collapse potential.
What are their three options?
1) Emergency Evacuation
2) Precautionary Withdrawal
3) Planning awareness
Incident Safety Officer, p. 74
Smoke coming from the “eaves” is a warning sign that fire has spread via wall, floor or attic.
True or False
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 88
Four key attributes of smoke include 3 of these 4:
Volume, Density, Smell, Colour
Volume, Density, Colour
Incident Safety Officer, p. 80
A product of incomplete combustion containing aerosols, fire gases that are volatile and flammable is:
Smoke
Incident Safety Officer, p. 80
Backdraft occurs when
Oxygen introduced to an environment where fire gases are above their ignition temperature (too rich to burn)
True or False
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 85
Flashover
Triggers by gases reaching their ignition temperature at the same time.
True of False
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 85
Hot fast moving fire in a vent limited environment produces a ____________.
a) high volume of smoke
b) laminar smoke flow
c) low volume of smoke
High volume of smoke
Incident Safety Officer, p. 86
What does brown smoke indicate?
a) impending collapse
b) fire extinguishment
c) intensified fire conditions
impending collapse
Incident Safety Officer, p. 88
Smoke of the same colour & velocity from multiple openings means:
Late Stage Fire conditions
Incipient Stage
Free Burn
Deep Seated Fire
Deep Seated Fire
Incident Safety Officer, p. 89
Increased white smoke volume, slow velocity and less dense indicates fire fighting efforts are:
a) having no effect
b) adequate
c) inadequate
Adequate
Incident Safety Officer, p. 89
Explosive fire growth happens when smoke displaces the open flames in a compartmentalized area
True or False
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 85
An air track flow path that forms when a door to a burning building is open is a warning for _________
Flashover
Incident Safety Officer, p. 85
Dirty white smoke is typically head pushed smoke filtered over a distance
True or false
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 90
A significant risk to FF Safety shall be limited to situations where there is a potential to save endangered lives
True or False
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 96
Physical property whose loss could cause harm to the community is called ___________________
Valued Property
Incident Safety Officer, p. 96
What are examples of “Valued Property”?
Hospitals
Water treatment plant
Struts, shocks, springs are examples of hazards found on what system of a vehicle?
“Suspension”
Incident Safety Officer, p. 114
Name a few hazardous energy forms:
Electricity Gas Water Mechanical Energy Pressurized Vessels Weather etc. Incident Safety Officer, p. 105
A flat panel photovoltaic solar panel measuring 3’ x 4’ weighs __________ and is considered what kind of load?
35 - 40 lbs
a dead load
The forming of a wall or shelf cloud below the rain free base of a thunderstorm may indicate a tornado
True or False
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 116
Hot flushed dry skin is an indication of
a) heat cramps
b) heat exhaustion
c) heat stroke
c) Heat Stroke
Incident Safety Officer, p. 129
Dehydration, cold clammy skin, weakness, dizziness and nausea are indications of:
a) heat cramps
b) heat fatigue
c) heat exhaustion
c) Heat Exhaustion
Incident Safety Officer, p.129
Painful muscle spasms are a sign of:
a) heat stroke
b) heat cramping
c) Transient heat fatigue
b) heat cramping
Incident Safety Officer, p.129
The use of shade, air movement and rest are known as ______________?
Passive cooling
Active cooling
Passive Cooling
Incident Safety Officer, p.129
Immersion, misting fans, cooling vests are external methods known as ________.
a) Passive Rehab
b) Active cooling
c) active rehab
b) active cooling
Incident Safety Officer, p.130
To prevent thermal stress describe the three step process to be used:
Hydration
Rotation
Accommodation
Incident Safety Officer, p. 129
What is the recommended frequency and volume of water to be consumed when working at an extensive incident:
one quart of water every hour
Incident Safety Officer, p. 132
The Time out to help FFs stabilize the ital signs during the 5 components of REHAB is known as_________:
a) hydration
b) accommodation
c) rest
Rest
Incident Safety Officer, p. 136
During the 5 components of REHAB, the medical monitoring and treatment is known as ___________:
a) BLS monitoring
b) Energy nutrition
c) Rest
BLS monitoring
Incident Safety Officer, p. 136
when a higher ranking officer arrives on scene, the duties of the ISO should be transferred from one individual to another.
True or False
False
Incident Safety Officer, p. 156
The procedures for transferring the ISO duties from one member to another includes:
interventions
communications
monitoring issues
Incident Safety Officer, p. 156
What are the 3 contributing factors for communications failure
training
radio issues
human factors
Incident Safety Officer, p. 152
A action to stop, alter or suspend an operation due to an immediate threat is a _____________ trigger?
Soft intervention
hard intervention
Example
Hard intervention
Incident Safety Officer, p. 148
Safety of all responder on an incident scene is the responsibility of:
a) each individual
b) Safety officer
c) Incident Command
d) Operations Chief
Incident Command
Incident Safety Officer, p.151
If an ISO is overwhelmed and cannot perform all functions they are responsible for, the ISO can request (through the IC) for a:
a) ASO
b) SSO
c) Area commander
d) Health and safety member
Assistant Safety Officer
Incident Safety Officer, p. 151
The D in the mnemonic MEDIC stands for:
a) Develop preventative measures
b) Define Building type
c) Define Risk
Develop preventative measures
Incident Safety Officer, p. 156
Performing tasks outside the framework of the Incident or tasks unknown to the IC or others is know as:
a) recon
b) free tasking
c) freelancing
freelancing
Incident Safety Officer, p. 169
warm zone is identified by:
yellow tape
Incident Safety Officer, p. 171
Hot zone is identified by:
Red tape
Incident Safety Officer, p. 171
Which benchmark is stated when high risk taking moves toward medium risk taking?
a) “all clear”
b) under control
c) loss stopped
All clear
Incident Safety Officer, p.168
NFPA 1561 says _________ is responsible for designing and assigning a rapid intervention crew.
Incident commander
Incident Safety Officer, p. 184
What is an organized reporting activity designed to account for all personnel working at an incident?
PAR
Incident Safety Officer, p. 182
ISO should call for a PAR if there is a report of a missing or trapped FF?
True or False
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 183
What is a classification given to the probability that a victim will survive the environment?
Rescue profile
Incident Safety Officer, p. 181
An area well involved in fire with turbulent smoke and black fire, the rescue profile would be:
a) high
b) moderate
c) zero
d) low
zero
Incident Safety Officer, p. 182
What wildland fire ter best describes sudden advancement and increase in fire intensity due to wind, pre-warmed fuels or topography
a) crown
b) rollover
c) flaring
d) blow up
blow-up
Incident Safety Officer, p. 194
Identify the wildland fire flame length where major fire runs are likely and requires defensive measures.
a) 4 to 8 ft
b) 8 to 11 ft
c) over 11 ft
over 11ft
Incident Safety Officer, p. 195
“time of day” is not a factor in establishing an adjustment of control zones at hazmat calls
True or false
True
Incident Safety Officer, p.213
An area considered to be an IDLH atmosphere is a
a) warm zone
b) hotzone
c) no entry zone
d) cold zone
No enty zone
Incident Safety Officer, p. 208
“noise exposure” is not a hazard at a clandestine lab incident
true or false
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 211
What is the NFPA standard for professional competence for responders to hazmat incidents?
a) 471
b) 470
c) 472
d) 120
NFPA 472
Incident Safety Officer, p. 205
Who takes the lead at an incident classified as a suspected terrorist event using weapons of mass destruction in the USA?
FBI
Incident Safety Officer, p. 212
Providing information to the public is a strategic goal of the ISO at a weapons of mass destruction event
True or False
False
Incident Safety Officer, p.212
Which code of federal regulation may have an impact on an ISO at a technical rescue?
a) 29 CFR 1910.95 noise exposure
b) 29 CFR 1910.1030 blood borne pathogen
c) 29 CFR 1910 134 respiratory protection
d) all of the above
all of the above
Incident Safety Officer, p. 205
Which standard is titled “standard on operations and training for technical search and rescue?
a) NFPA 1670
b) NFPA 1402
c) NFPA 1964
a) NFPA 1670
Incident Safety Officer, p. 229
Building collapse hazards include:
falling loose debris instability secondary collapse poor air quality dust unsecured hazardous energy weather exposure blood borne pathogens
Incident Safety Officer, p. 222
Heavy machinery, access difficulties, unsecured hazardous energy, noise, automated systems, pinch hazards, etc. are examples of hazards you might expect to find at an incident involving:
a) buildings on fire
b) cave ins
c) water incident
d) industrial entrapments
industrial entrapments
Incident Safety Officer, p. 223
Shifting unstable material, hidden infrastructure, Oxygen deficiency, sloped terrain, crush potential are hazards one can expect to find at an incident involving:
cave ins
Incident Safety Officer, p. 223
limted access/escape options, flammable atmospheres, O2 deficient, communication difficulties are hazards you might expect to find at an incident involving
a) high angle
b) cave in
c) confined space
d) roadway transportation
confined space
Incident Safety Officer, p. 224
Number one safety consideration at a roadway incident is
a) Downed power lines
b) restrained systems
c) vehicle fuel
d) being hit by other traffic
being hit by other traffic
Incident Safety Officer, p. 226
The use of an object to absorb the impact of a secondary crash is known as a:
a) traffic alert
b) traffic control zone
c) traffic barrier
d) traffic calming strategy
Traffic barrier
Incident Safety Officer, p. 227
cones, spotters or flaggers, arrow sticks, flashlights, warning signs are known as:
traffic calming strategies
Incident Safety Officer, p. 227
Which of these incidents is not likely to require a written post-incident analysis
a) LODD
b) FF injury
c) a civilian lift assist
civilian lift assist
Incident Safety Officer, p. 234
Which NFPA standard specifically requires the ISO to be involved with the post incident analysis?
NFPA 1021
NFPA 1043
NFPA 1500
NFPA 1001
NFPA 1500
Incident Safety Officer, p. 233
Which are key issues that an ISO should address during a PIA?
a) General risk profile of an incident
b) effectiveness of crew accountability
c) FF Close calls
d) All of the above
All of the above
Incident Safety Officer, p. 235
Open ended inquiries designed to allow personnel to voice their concern is the most constructive way to conduct a post indicent analysis:
True or false
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 234
The PIA is a formal or informal reflective discussion used to summarize the successes and improvement areas discovered from an incident
True or false
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 233
which of the following is not part of the 3 step approach to the investigation process
a) Recommendations
b) information collection
c) analysis & reconstruction
d) administrative punishment
Administrative punishment
Incident Safety Officer, p. 238
The information collection step of the 3 step investigative process requires the ISO to obtain
witness statements photographs video physical evidence existing records
True or false
True
Incident Safety Officer, p. 238
The ISO can recuse themselves from the investigative process when:
a) The ISO is the one injured
b) The ISO was directly involved in the property damage
c) An LODD occurred
d) Multiple and significant injuries to firefighters occurred
e) all of the above
all of the above
Incident Safety Officer, p. 237
Applying the MEDIC functions at a training event differs from actual incidents in several ways. For example, the tasks represented by the letters ________________ can be addressed prior to the actual training:
a) M and E
b) I and C
c) E and D
d) D and I
E and D
Fire department training drills (and other non emergency planned events) are opportunities to set a positive safety-minded approach that _________ can use for actual incident responses.
a) participating officers and safety officers
b) participating firefighters
c) participating firefighters and safety officers
d) participating firefighters, officers and safety officers
participating firefighters, officers and safety officers
In the case of live fire trainings, the assignment of a separate, dedicated SO is mandatory according to:
a) NFPA 1561
b) NFPA 1500
c) NFPA 1521
d) NFPA 1403
NFPA 1403
One of the members of the fire control team is designated as the ________ and is responsible for starting the fire. The other member serves as as ready observer (in full PPE)
a) life-fire officer
b) functional officer
c) ignition officer
d) ignition technician
ignition officer
Pre-drill preparation for a multi agency drill should include how many steps?
a) three
b) two
c) five
d) four
four
The _______________ has developed a live fire instructor credential program to address the responsibilities of instructors who facilitate and deliver live fire training
a) NFFF
b) NFPA
c) ISFSI
d) FDSOA
ISFSI
Training and preparing new ISOs involves a ______-step approach
a) four
b) five
c) three
d) two
Three
Which members of the live-fire training safety team serve as the NFPA 1403 required fire control team?
a) an experienced interior standby team
b) the designated SO and fuel shot off officer
c) The designated SO and outside building monitor
d) the ignition officer and fuel shut off officer
ignition officer and fuel shut off officer
Which tape color scheme should be used to ward potential onlookers of hazards and to prevent their entry into dangerous areas
a) solid red
b) black and white diagonally striped
c) solid yellow
d) red and white diagonally striped
solid yellow
while training should be an organized, pre-planned event designed to teach and reinforce safe accomplishment of skills, realism in training does make it more:
a) dangerous
b) hazardous
c) practical
d) unpredictable
Practical
Who is responsible for developing a safety briefing that should be shared with those participating?
a) the instructor in charge
b) the company officer
c) the safety officer
d) the training officer
the safety officer
Who is the default IIC when a crew or company decides to conduct a spontaneous skills practice?
a) the safety officer
b) the incident safety officer
c) the training officer
d) the company officer
the company officer
Who serves as a quality control officer to make sure these instructor/fire control team requirements are maintained as part of monitoring/evaluation funciton?
a) the safety officer
b) the instructor in charge
c) the company officer
d) the safety officer
The safety officer
All of the stakeholders involved in a disaster response/recovery will be accustomed to working within the framework of an incident management system (IMS) and will understand the role of the SO within a supporting incident command system (ICS)
True or false
False
In some jurisdictions, instructors and SOs must be certified to perform those functions and must follow, by law, the requirements set forth in the standard when conducting live fire training events
True or false
True
Who is responsible for developing and implementing a national response plan (USA)
Department of Home Land Security (p32)
Who investigates all duty-related firefighter deaths?
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health)
Type I Construction?
Fire Resistive
Type II Construction?
Non Combustible
Construction type III?
Ordinary
Construction Type IV?
Heavy Timber
Construction Type V?
Wood Frame
When were Founders’ Era buildings built?
1700’s - 1800’s
When were Industrial Era buildings built?
Between WWI to WWII (early 1900’s to mid 1900’s)
When were Legacy Era buildings built?
WWII (1940s to 1980s)
When were Lightweight era buildings built?
1980’s to present
What structural members are used to carry other beams?
Girder (p62)
What is a sign that fire has spread into a wall, floor or attic space?
brown smoke
Describe the 5 step process in predicting a building collapse.
Step 1: classify the buildings construction using the type/era/size approach
Step 2: Determine structural involvement (read the smoke and flames)
Step 3: Visualize and trace loads
Step 4: Evaluate time
Step 5: Predict and communicate collapse potential
What is a collapse zone?
consist of the areas that are exposed to trauma, debris, and/or thrust should a building or part of a building collapse (pg73)
What does a Structure Fire indicate?
It indicates that the load-bearing components of a building are being attacked by fire. (Pg 71)
