Review Questions Flashcards
What negative effect would result from not having fingerprints?
Without dermal papillae, the skin would not get enough nutrients. Blood vessels loop through the dermal papillae, increasing the amount of blood flow to the basement membrane. Without the loops, the skin would not get enough nutrients.
What are the two layers of the skin? Which layer contains keratinized cells? Which layer contains papillae?
The epidermis and the dermis. Keratinized cells are found in the epidermis, and papillae are found in the dermis
How do the dermal papillae help the epithelial cells?
The dermal papillae allow for maximum blood flow to the basement membrane. This helps the epidermal cells get the nutrients they need
Why do some cuts heal with little scarring while other cuts of similar size and depth heal more slowly?
If a cut is along the skin’s lines of cleavage fewer collagen fibers are cut. As a result, it heals quickly with little scarring. However if a cut it goes across the lines of cleavage, many collagen fibers are cut and it pulls it apart making it harder to heal and more likely to scar.
How does the hair follicle or sweat gland help heal bad burns?
The hair follicle contains epithelial tissue. If the epidermis is destroyed in a second degree burn, the epithelial cells in the hair follicle can undergo mitosis and make more epidermis.
What kind of tissue is always present in the hypodermis what kind of tissue is often but not always present in the hypodermis.
The hypodermis always contains loose connective tissue. Usually there’s also adipose tissue in the hypodermis.
What is the function of sebaceous glands.
Sebaceous glands secrete oil. that oil softens the skin and protects from some pathogens.
What is the function of sweat glands?
Sweat glands secrete sweat the sweat cools the body via evaporation.
List the five layers of the epidermis from bottom to top.
Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
In what layers of the epidermis are the cells still alive?
Only the two deepest layers Dragon basil and stratum spinosum contain living cells. The cells keratinize in the stratum granulosum and are dead at that point.
What are melanocytes and what do they do to the skin.
Melanocytes are cells that produce melanin. They give the skin its color depending on the kind and amount of melanin they produce. Melanin also protects the skin from ultraviolet radiation.
What are the three sections of hair? Which sections contain cells with soft keratin? which contains cells with hard keratin?
The three sections of hair are the medulla, the cortex, and the cuticle. The medulla contains cells with soft keratin; the cortex and the cuticle contains cells with hard keratin.
What is the hair Matrix
The hair Matrix is a mass of undifferentiated cells. These cells undergo mitosis, forming new hair cells.
Classify sweat glands as apocrine, merocrine, or holocrine.
Sweat glands or merocrine glands. Even apocrine sweat glands are actually merocrine glands. They were just named wrongly.
Classify sebaceous glands as apocrine merocrine or holocrine.
Sebaceous glands are holocrine glands.
