Review questions Flashcards

1
Q

The application of an anesthetic directly to the body surface to create a localized loss of sensation is referred to as:

A

topical anesthesia

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2
Q

A state in which a patient is aware or unaware of the surroundings but can be easily aroused by a noxious stimulant is referred to as:

A

sedation

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3
Q

A stage of anesthesia that has a sufficient loss of sensitivity to pain and muscle relaxation to allow for the performance of surgery without the pain or movement is:

A

surgical anesthesia

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4
Q

When acting upon the central nervous system, those agents that bind to more than one receptor type, and simultaneously stimulate at least one and block at least one, are referred to as:

A

agonist- antagonists

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5
Q

The appropriate antagonist to use with benzodiazepines is:

A

flumazenil

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6
Q

Which of the following groups of drugs, also referred to as minor tranquilizers, are commonly used for their sedative, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant properties?

A

benzodiazepines

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7
Q

What purpose does the Murphy’s eye serve on an endotracheal tube?

A

minimizes the risk of aspyxiation

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8
Q

The VT in most anesthetized patients is:

A

10 ml/kg/min

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9
Q

How does a flowmeter set below 100 mL/kg/min affect the concentration of anesthetic in the circuit?

A

lowers the concentration of anesthetic

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10
Q

The risk of fire increases when which of the following is used in close proximity to oxygen sources?

A

medical laser

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11
Q

Which of the following scenarios would lead to the highest level of waste gas contamination?

A

A bottle of isoflurane is dropped and broken while refilling the vaporizer.

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12
Q

Compressed gas cylinders should always be stored in which position?

A

Vertical and chained/belted

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13
Q

A complex that occurs too early is referred to as:

A

premature complex.

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14
Q

The advantage of using an oscillometric blood pressure monitor over a Doppler monitor is:

A

oscillometric BP monitors determine diastolic pressure and MAP in addition to systolic.

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15
Q

Neither the PaO2 nor the SpO2 gives an accurate measure of oxygen if which of the following is present in the patient?

A

anemia

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16
Q

Which of the following is true?

A

Epinephrine added to the local anesthetic causes constriction of the blood vessels in the area of the injection and decreases the rate of the drug absorption.

17
Q

A patient exhibits signs of severe sympathetic blockade leading to flushing and increased skin temperature. What would be the recommended treatment for this condition?

A

Intravenous crystalloid fluid administration at a rate of 20 mL/kg for 20 min

18
Q

A complication of an anesthetized animal breathing room air would be:

A

a decrease in the PaCO2.

19
Q

General duration of action for buprenorphine following intramuscular injection is thought to be:

A

6-12 hrs

20
Q

The drug that is most similar to oxymorphone in duration and effect is:

A

hydromorphone

21
Q

Clinical effects of NSAIDs are due to their inhibition of what chemical synthesis within the body?

A

Prostaglandin

22
Q

The most appropriate drug for IM injection for induction is:

A

ketamine

23
Q

In general, when compared to the IV dose, the dose of the induction drug for IM use is:

A

larger

24
Q

While intubating a patient that has been induced with the appropriate amount of injectable induction agent, intubation should take place how quickly in order to keep the patient in the appropriate plane of Stage III?

A

1-2 min

25
Q

Which of the following may cause a horse brief excitement or loss of sedation during the time period after giving sedation before anesthetic induction?

A

Moving the animal behind a squeeze gate or into the stocks

26
Q

Which of the following is not a sign of appropriate sedation for standing chemical restraint?

A

Restlessness without external stimuli

27
Q

Which of the following complications can arise if a horse’s halter is left on during anesthesia?

A

neuropathy

28
Q

The main anesthetic concern in ruminants is:

A

regurgitation

29
Q

You have been asked to intubate an adult cow. How is the procedure done?

A

Manually using a blind technique that includes one hand in the mouth guiding the tube

30
Q

An adult ruminant is intubated and in a surgical stage of anesthesia but begins to breathe rapidly with very shallow respirations. What should be done with this patient?

A

place on a venitlator

31
Q

What is the approximate total blood volume of a 100-g hamster assuming the patient is hemodynamically stable with circulating blood volume representing 70 mL/kg of body weight?

A

7.0 ml

32
Q

When attempting to try and illicit a reliable signal for SpO2 on small rodents, the most accurate place is usually the:

A

hindfoot

33
Q

When treating circulatory failure with blood transfusions in small mammals and rabbits, what is the likelihood of incompatibility during the initial transfusion?

A

rare

34
Q

When is the largest portion of anesthetic-related deaths likely to occur?

A

post anesthetic period

35
Q

The proper equation to determine cardiac output (CO), taking into consideration stroke volume (SR) and heart rate (HR), is:

A

CO = HR × SV.

36
Q

A geriatric patient is defined as one that has reached what percentage of their life expectancy?

A

75%