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ICM-pulmonary > Review pulmonary > Flashcards

Review pulmonary Flashcards

1
Q

outpatient CAP

A

S. pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, H. influenza, Chlamydia pneumoniae, RSV

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2
Q

inpatient CAP

A

S. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, H. influenza, legionella, aspiration, RSV

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3
Q

inpatient ICU CAP

A

S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, legionella, gram-negative, H. influenza

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4
Q

CAP-alcoholics

A

anaerobes, Klebsiella pneumoniae

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5
Q

COPD/smoking CAP

A

H. influenza, psuedomonas aeruginosa,

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6
Q

Lung abscess CAP

A

CAP-MRSA, oral anaerobes, fungal pneumoniae, M. TB, atypical myocobacteria

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7
Q

HIV/AIDS CAP

A

M. TB, pneumocystsis jiroveci, cryptococcus, histoplasmosis, aspergillus, atypical myocobacteia, H. influenza, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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8
Q

influenza CAP

A

influenza, S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, H. influenza

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9
Q

cough CAP

A

bordetella pertusis

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10
Q

Category 1 (outpatient, no cardiopulm disease)

A

S. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, RSV

Antibiotics: macrolide plus doxycycline

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11
Q

category 2 outpatient, cardiopulm disease or risk factors: COPD, DM

A

S. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae

antibiotics: fluoroqionolone or beta-lactam + macrolide or doxycycline

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12
Q

category 3 inpatient, non-ICU

A

S. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae

antibiotics: beta-lactam + macrolide, or fluoroquinolone

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13
Q

category 4A (inpatient ICU)

A

S. pneumoniae, legionella, H. infleunza

antibiotics: beta-lactam + macrolide OR fluoroquinolone

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14
Q

category 4B (inpatient ICU, RF for pseudomonas ) and consider MRSA risk factor

A

S. pneumoniae, legionella, H. infleunza, pseudomonas aeruginosa, CA-MRSA

antibiotics: anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam + aminoglycoside AND atypical coverage PLUS vancomycin or Linezolid

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15
Q

Light’s criteria for exudate

A

pleural fluid protein/Serum Protein: >.5 (3)
Pleural fluid LDH/Serum LDH: >.6 (200)
Pleural fluid LDH/upper limit normal serum LDH: >.66 (>2/3) (0-240)

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16
Q

light’s criteria for transudate

A

pleural fluid protein/Serum Protein: <.66 (2/3) (0-240)

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17
Q

pediatrics CAP: <1 month

A 
G group B strep
E. coli
L. monocytogenes
CMV
HSV
18
Q

pediatrics CAP: 1-3 months

A

virus
S. pneumoniae
afrebile pneumonitis pathogens
S. aureus

19
Q

pediatrics CAP: 3months- 5 years

A

virus
S. pneumoniae
S. aureus

20
Q

pediatrics CAP: school age

A

virus
M. pneumoniae
S. pneumoniae
C. pneuomoniae

21
Q

HAP

A

penumoniae that develops <48 hours after admission that as not present on admission

22
Q

VAP

A

pneumoniae that develops >48 hours after endotracheal intubation

23
Q

HCAP

A

hospitalized for >1 day within 90days of admission
long-term nursing facilities
recent IV abx chemotherapy or wound care within 30 days
attended hospital or hemodialysis clinic

24
Q

A-a gradient exceeds expectations?

A

diffusion impairment is present

25
Q

a sat of 90% expect PaO2

A

60

26
Q

normal PaO2 is approx

A

5X FiO2

27
Q

on room air (21% FiO2) normal PaO2

A

is approx 100

normal PaO2: FiO2 on RA 100/.21= 475

every 1 liter is about 3% increase

28
Q

ARDS severity: mild

A

PaO2/FiO2: 200-300

29
Q

ARDS severity: moderate

A

PaO2/FiO2: 100-200

30
Q

ARDS severity: severe

A

PaO2/FiO2: <100

31
Q

what could an increased V/Q mean

A

PE

32
Q

what could a decreased V/Q mean

A

Shunt
emphysema (non-functional alveoli)
fibrosis (poor diffusion of air)
secretions (blocks diffusion of air)

33
Q

extrapulmonary shunt

A

right to left cardiac shunts

example: T of F

34
Q

intra-pulmonary shunt

A

blood is transported through the lungs without taking part in gas exchange
example: atelectasis, pneumoniae, hepatopulmonary syndrome, AVM

35
Q

diagnostic FEV1/FVC ratio

A

less than 70%

36
Q

chronic respiratory failure is defined by

A

PaO250 mmHg while breathing air at sea level

37
Q

stage I Mild COPD

A

FEV1/FVC 80%

38
Q

stage II moderate COPD

A

FEV1/FVC <.7, FEV1 50-79%

39
Q

stage III severe COPD

A

FEV1/FVC <.7, FEV1 30-49%

40
Q

stage IV very severe COPD

A

FEV1/FVC <50% with chronic respiratory failure present

ICM-pulmonary (12 decks)

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