Review of Endodontic principles

Question 1

What causes endodontic disease

Answer 1

Bacteria

Question 2

What are the three key features needed for disease to occur

Answer 2

1. Micro organisms
2. Host
3. Time

Question 3

Name the 2 different types of bacteria system found in a root canal

Answer 3

1. Planktonic (free floating)
2. Biofilm (aggregation of microorganisms)

Question 4

How are biofilms resistant to eradication

Answer 4

1, Physical barrier- poor anti microbial penetration and sequester cells from host immune cells
2. It is difficult to remove mechanically
3. In a biofilm there is a transfer of genes which can increase virulence factors and resistance

Question 5

What is the biggest problem we encounter when trying to diagnose endodontic disease

Answer 5

We are reliant on patients description of the symptoms (we can’t seethe disease until we start treatment)
Theres a poor correlation between symptoms and histological status of ethnic pulp

Question 6

What is the aim of chemo mechanical preparation of the canal

Answer 6

Aiming to produce a shape that optimises irrigation and simplifies obturation

Question 7

List schuldet’s BIOLOGICAL objectives of root canal treatment

Answer 7

1. Done force necrotic debris beyond the foramen
2. Use all the instruments to shape the roots
3. Remove all the tissue form the root canal space
4. Try and create a sufficiency space for intra canal medicaments

Question 8

What are the problems associated with under preparing the canals

Answer 8

Irrigation fluid and needles will not be able to get through and clean the whole canal system

Question 9

What are the problems associated with over preparing the canals

Answer 9

Removing too much tooth tissue makes the tooth weaker putting it at risk of fracturing

Question 10

When you are preparing the canals what is the first thing you try to do?

Answer 10

Coronal flare

Question 11

Which metal makes up hand instruments

Answer 11

Stainless steel

Question 12

What are automated instruments made ip of

Answer 12

Nickel titanium

Question 13

What is the main difference between nickel titanium and stainless steel

Answer 13

Nickel titanium is significantly more flexible than stainless steel

Question 14

Name the 2 ways flew can fracture

Answer 14

1. Torsional fracture
   2, Cyclic fracture

Question 15

What is a torsional fracture?

Answer 15

When you apply too much pressure to the file and it breaks