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CPHM LECTURE > Review of Communicable Disease > Flashcards

Review of Communicable Disease Flashcards

1
Q

It is a CONTAGIOUS DISEASE and readily transferred from one infected person to a susceptible and uninfected person and maybe caused by microorganism

A

Communicable Disease

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2
Q

Developing for a short period of time

A

Acute Disease

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3
Q

Acquired by a person for a long period of time

A

Chronic Disease

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4
Q

Remains inactive in the body but when the time comes that the person is immunocompromise, the inactive disease may develop

A

Latent disease

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5
Q

Infections that develop after a prior infection

A

Secondary Infections

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6
Q

presence of bacteria in the blood

A

Bacteremia

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7
Q

poisoning of the blood

A

Septicemia

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8
Q

WBC are the soldiers of the body (True or False)

A

True

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9
Q

toxins in the blood

A

Toxemia

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10
Q

virus in the blood

A

Viremia

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11
Q

Occasional cases

A

Sporadic Disease

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12
Q

Is always present in a certain area or 4egion

A

Endemic

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13
Q

sudden increase in the number of cases of disease

A

Epidemic

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14
Q

Worldwide outbreaks

A

Pandemic

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15
Q

Number of infected people during a particular time period (i.e. year)

A

Incidence

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16
Q

Number of disease people at any given time

A

Prevalence

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17
Q

Measurable changes (Signs or Symptoms)

A

Signs

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18
Q

Patient Complaint (Signs or Symptoms)

A

Symptoms

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19
Q

Study of disease

A

Pathology

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20
Q

Cause of disease

A

Etiology

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21
Q

Disease process

A

Pathogenesis

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22
Q

Colonization by microbe

A

Infection

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23
Q

Organism with potential to cause disease

A

Pathogen

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24
Q

Pathogen is growing in or on host

A

Infection

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25
Q

Degree or intensity of pathogenicity

A

Virulence

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26
Q

Ability of pathogen to spread to other tissues in body

A

Invasiveness

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27
Q

Ability of pathogen to establish infection

A

Infectivity

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28
Q

Ability of pathogen to secrete toxins

A

Toxigenicity

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29
Q

Infection in which pathogen grows massively in the body, being found in blood and throughout organs

A

Septicemia

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30
Q

Developed in late 1800’s, provide basic logical proof that disease is caused by a microbe

A

KOCH’S POSTULATES

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31
Q

Microbe must be present in every case of disease, but present also from healthy individuals ( True or False)

A

False (Microbe must be present in every case of disease, but ABSENT from healthy individuals)

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32
Q

Suspected microbe must be isolated from diseased host and grown in culture (True or False)

A

True

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33
Q

Different disease must result when isolated microbe is introduced into healthy host (True or False)

A

False (SAME disease must result when isolated
microbe is introduced into healthy host)

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34
Q

Same microbe must be isolated again from second diseased host (True or False)

A

True

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35
Q

Organisms that cause disease when they enter different environment

A

Opportunistic Pathogens

36
Q

colonizes intestines when normal flora have been killed by antibiotics

A

Clostridium difficile

37
Q

It enters peritoneal cavity from burst appendix

A

Escherichia coli

38
Q

It enters break in skin; cause of pimples, boils, etc.

A

Staphylococcus aureus

39
Q

TYPES OF MICROORGANISMS CAUSING INFECTIONS :

The most common infection-causing microorganisms

A

Bacteria

40
Q

TYPES OF MICROORGANISMS CAUSING INFECTIONS :

Consists primarily of nucleic acid and therefore must enter living cells in order to produce infections

A

Viruses

41
Q

TYPES OF MICROORGANISMS CAUSING INFECTIONS :

Includes yeast and mold

A

Fungi

42
Q

TYPES OF MICROORGANISMS CAUSING INFECTIONS :

Live on other living microorganism

A

Parasites

43
Q

CHAIN OF INFECTION :

The extent to which any microorganisms is capable of producing an infectious process depends on the number of microorganisms (pathogenicity)

A

Etiologic Agent

44
Q

CHAIN OF INFECTION :

source of infection (Common sources are the other humans, the client’s own microorganisms, plants, animals, or the general environment)

A

Reservoir

45
Q

CHAIN OF INFECTION :

Before an infection can establish itself in a host, the microorganism must leave the reservoir

A

Portal of exit from the reservoir

46
Q

MODE OF TRANSMISSION :

Involves immediate and direct transfer of microorganisms from person to person through touching, biting, kissing, or sexual intercourse

A

Direct Transmission

47
Q

form of direct transmission but can occur only if the source and the host are within 3 feet of each other

A

Droplet Spread

48
Q

MODE OF TRANSMISSION :

May either be vehicle-borne or vector-borne

A

Indirect Transmission

49
Q

MODE OF TRANSMISSION :

any substance that serves as an intermediate means to transport and introducing infectious agent into susceptible host through a suitable portal of entry

A

Vehicle

50
Q

MODE OF TRANSMISSION :

infections transmitted by the bite of infected arthropod species such as mosquitoes, ticks, blackflies, etc.

A

Vector

51
Q

CHAIN OF INFECTION :

Before a person can become infected, microorganisms must enter the body

A

Portal of Entry to the Susceptible host

52
Q

CHAIN OF INFECTION :

Any person who is at risk for infection

A

Susceptible Host

53
Q

CONTROLLING INFECTIOUS DISEASES

prophylaxis such as antibiotics, antiviral drugs

A

Treatment

54
Q

CONTROLLING INFECTIOUS DISEASES :

hygiene, disinfectants, sterilization, antiseptics and vaccination

A

Prevention

55
Q

Chemical substances that destroy microorganisms

A

ANTISEPTICS AND DISINFECTANTS

56
Q

can be applied safely to the body

A

Antiseptic

57
Q

cannot be used on the body directly but are used to clean work surfaces, crockery, cutlery, but are used to clear work surfaces, crockery, cutlery, instruments etc.

A

Disinfectants

58
Q

Removal of any living organisms from a non-living object or material

A

Sterilization

59
Q

pasteurizing milk, tinned food

A

Heat

60
Q

autoclave where steam under pressure is fed into sealed chamber

A

Steam

61
Q

longer wave lengths have no effect shorter wavelength such as UV lights results in death

A

Radiation

62
Q

Is the process of introducing vaccine into the body to produce antibodies that will protect our body against a specific infectious agent

A

Immunization

63
Q

An early start with DPT reduces the chance of severe pertussis (True or False)

A

True

64
Q

What is DPT?

A

DPT (DIPHTHERIA, PERTUSIS, AND TETANUS VACCINE)

65
Q

caused by Corynebacterum diphteria

A

Diphtheria

66
Q

caused by Clostrodium tetani

A

Tetanus

67
Q

caused by Bordetella pertussis

A

Pertusis

68
Q

What is OPV?

A

OPV (ORAL POLIO VACCINE)

69
Q

The extent of protection against polio is increased the earlier the OPV is given (True or False)

A

True

70
Q

caused by Polio virus

A

Poliomyelitis

71
Q

What is MMR?

A

MMR (MEASLES, MUMPS, RUBELLA VACCINE)

72
Q

caused by measles virus

A

Measles

73
Q

caused by mumps virus

A

Mumps

74
Q

caused by rubella virus

A

German measles

75
Q

What is HIB?

A

HIB (H. INFLUENZA TYPE B POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE)

76
Q

caused by Haemophilus influenza

A

Meningitis

77
Q

An early start of hepatitis B reduces the chance of being protects and becoming cancer

A

HEPATITIS B VACCINE

78
Q

What is BGC?

Clue : Hindi eto lugar ha hmph

A

BCG (BACILLUS OF CALMETTE AND GUERIN)

79
Q

BCG given at the earliest possible protects against the possibility of infection from other family members (True or False)

A

True

80
Q

caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Tuberculosis

81
Q

What is CDT?

A

CDT (CHOLERA, DYSENTERY, TYPHOID)

82
Q

cause by Vibrio cholera

A

Cholera

83
Q

caused by Shigella dysenteriae

A

Dysentery

84
Q

caused by Salmonella typhi

A

Typhoid

85
Q

Administration of drugs to prevent occurrence of infection

A

CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS

86
Q

Placing mechanical barriers between the sources of agent and host such as use of mosquito nets, masks, or gloves

A

MECHANICAL PROPHYLAXIS

CPHM LECTURE (5 decks)

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