Review Measurement and calculations Flashcards
What does qualitative data mean?
observational data for example color, smell, changes
what does quantitative data mean?
numerical data that is measurable
what is accuracy?
accuracy is how close a measurement is to the true value
what is precision?
how precise a set of measurements are to each other
what is a mole?
a mole is a counting unit and it acts as a bridge
what is Avogadro’s number?
6.022x 10^23, 1 mole of anything contains avogadros number
mole allows us to relate to the mass of atoms
SI units
internationally agreed set of metric units that are used in scientific measurements
what does the United States use for measurement?
The english system
what does everyone else use for measurement
the metric system
what are the SI Units
Mass, length, time, temperature, electric current, amount of a substance
what is the unit and symbol for mass
Kilogram and Kg
what is the unit and symbol for length?
meter and m
what is the unit and symbol for temperature
kelvin and K
what is the unit and symbol for electric current?
ampere and A
what is the unit and symbol for an amount of a substance?
mole and mol
what is giga?
G or 1,000,000,000 or 10^9
what is mega? ( think of mega million)
M or 1,000,000 or 10^6
what is the unit and symbol for time?
second and s
what is kilo?
K or 1000 or 10^3
what is hecto?
h or 100 or 10 ^2
what is deka?
da or 10 or 10^1
what is deci?
d or 0.1 or 10^-1
what is centi?
c or 0.01 or 10^2
what is mili?
m or 0.001 or 10^-3
what is micro?
upside down u or 0.000001 or 10^-6
what is nano?
n or 0.000000001 or 10^-9
what is volume?
volume is the measure of space
*any cubed unit of length
what is exact?
exact values have no uncertainty
what is inexact?
inexact values have some amount of uncertainty
What are the sig fig rules
- ) all nonzero numbers are significant
- ) zeros between nonzero digits
- ) leading zeros
- ) trailing zeros
- ) exact numbers
what is the extra rule about trailing zeros?
zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit is not significant
what is the special rule about exact numbers concerning sig figs?
exact numbers have an unlimited amount of sigfigs
how should you round a number that is above 5
add at least one sig fig
example: 4.16 would round to 4.2
how would you round a number that is above 5?
leave at least 1 sig fig unchanged
4.14 would round to 4.1
