Review LA exam Flashcards
List the 4 reasons livestock production is important.
1) Food supply
2) The economy
3) Livestock can graze on land unsuitable for crop production
4) Provide valuable by-products
Why are animal based proteins better for us?
Provide a better balance of amino acids
How is livestock fecal matter utilized? (3)
1) Fertilizer
2) renewable energy source
3) bedding for livestock
List the main livestock raised for production in Canada. (7)
1) Beef cattle
2) Dairy cattle
3) Hogs
4) Poultry
5) Sheep
6) Goats
7) Aqua culture
How many Canadians are employed as a result of agriculture?
84000
What is the main production in Atlantic Canada? (2)
Dairy and Poultry
Where else are farm animals/livestock utilized besides food production? (4)
1) hobby farms
2) sports- (rodeo, racing, show jumping)
3) animal-assisted therapy for humans
4) work and labour (crops, logging)
Outline the main DVM role in livestock farm visits. (3)
1) individual animal care
2) herd health
3) producer consultation
4) One Health initiative
Why is it essential that producers be prudent with antimicrobial use in their livestock?
antibiotic resistance
What is One Health’s primary focus?
Minimize the spread and risk of zoonotic disease and contribute to the health of the planet.
Outline the veterinarian’s role in livestock production and its management. (4)
1) public health
2) preventative medicine
3) consultation and herd health management
4) animal welfare
What is the difference between a heifer and a cow?
heifer-young female that has not calved
cow-female that has calved
List the region of origin for the following dairy cattle:
1) Holstein
2) Jersey
3) Ayrshire
4) Brown Swiss
5) Milking Shorthorn
6) Guernsey
6)
1) Netherlands
2) Channel Island
3) Scotland
4) Switzerland
5) England
6) Channel Island
What human disease does Johne’s in cattle compare to?
Crone’s
What is the reason for removing the calf from the dam within 24 hours of birth?
Minimizes the spread of disease
List the pros to housing calves individually. (4)
a) minimize the spread of disease
b) easy disinfection
c) monitoring food intake
d) minimizes cross sucking
List the cons to housing calves individually. (2)
less social interaction and ability to exhibit play behaviours
List the pros to group housing of calves. (3)
-social interaction/play behaviour
-competition/mimicking which increases food intake
-easier to bed
List the cons to group housing of calves. (3)
-spread disease quicker
-difficult to monitor individual food intake
-more difficult to disinfect
Calves are monogastric at birth. T/F
True
Define the esophageal groove in a calf.
The esophageal groove bypasses the reticulem and rumen and enters into the abomasum. (monogastric)
What are the two most common types of housing for Dairy cattle?
tie stall and free stall
List the cons to free stalling. (3)
-monitoring individuals is difficult
-competition at the feed bunk
-if lame, small or submissive difficult for them to access feed bunk
Define dry cow.
In the stage of their lactation cycle where milk production ceases prior to calving.
