Review CHAP 19

Question 1

Blood flow of the right atrium?

Answer 1

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body and sends blood to the right ventricle

Question 2

Blood flow of the left atrium?

Answer 2

RECEIVES OXYGENATED BLOOD FROM PULMONARY VEINS (LUNGS) AND SENDS IT TO THE LEFT VENTRICLE

Question 3

Blood flow of the left ventricle?

Answer 3

RECEIVES OXYGENATED BLOOD FROM LEFT VENTRICLE AND SENDS IT TO THE BODY

Question 4

Blood flow of the right ventricle?

Answer 4

RECEIVES DEOXYGENATED BLOOD FROM RIGHT ATRIUM AND SENDS IT TO THE LUNGS

Question 5

Blood flow of vena cava?

Answer 5

BLOOD COMES IN FROM TISSUES/BODY TO FLOOD INTO THE SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR VENA CAVA TO THEN LAND IN THE RIGHT ATRIUM

Question 6

Blood flow of pulmonary trunk?

Answer 6

COMES FROM RIGHT VENTRICLE, PUMPS DEOXYGENATED BLOOD TO THE LUNGS, THEN, ONCE OXYGENATED, THE BLOOD COMES BACK INTO THE LEFT ATRIUM THRU 4 PULMONARY VEINS

Question 7

Blood flow of aorta?

Answer 7

COMES FROM LEFT VENTRICLE, PUMPS TO THE BODY

Question 8

LEFT SIDE OF THE HEART PUMPS BLOOD TO THE _____. RIGHT SIDE OF THE HEART PUMPS BLOOD TO THE ______.

Answer 8

BODY; LUNGS

Question 9

Describe the position/orientation of the heart in the body.

Answer 9

APEX OF THE HEART PROJECTS ANTEROINFERIORLY TOWARD THE LEFT SIDE OF BODY

Question 10

Compare the wall of the heart in the atria vs ventricles.

Answer 10

ATRIA RECEIVE BLOOD; VENTRICLES PUMPS OUT BLOOD

Question 11

Epicardium:

Answer 11

MOST SUPERFICIAL LAYER; EPITHELIUM, AREOLAR, & ADIPOSE CT

Question 12

Myocardium:

Answer 12

BETWEEN EPICARDIUM & ENDOCARDIUM; CARDIAC MUSCLE

Question 13

Endocardium:

Answer 13

DEEPEST LAYER; EPITHELIUM & AREOLAR CT

Question 14

Voltages associated with the RMP of nodal cells.

Answer 14

-60 mV

Question 15

Voltages associated with the threshold of nodal cells.

Answer 15

-40 mV; Na+ CHANNELS HAVE OPENED, CREATING A MORE POSITIVE CHARGE

Question 16

Voltages associated with the depolarization of nodal cells.

Answer 16

AROUND 0 mV; Ca+ CHANNELS OPEN, CREATING EVEN MORE POSITIVE CHARGE

Question 17

Voltages associated with the repolarization of nodal cells.

Answer 17

Ca+ CHANNELS CLOSE; K+ CHANNELS OPEN, ALLOWING K+ TO LEAVE, WHICH MAKE CELLS MORE NEGATIVE; BACK TO -60 mV

Question 18

Voltages associated with the RMP of cardiac muscle cells.

Answer 18

—90 mV

Question 19

Voltages associated with the depolarization of cardiac muscle cells.

Answer 19

+30 mV; Na+ CHANNELS OPEN MAKING IT MORE POSITIVE

Question 20

Voltages associated with the plateau of cardiac muscle cells.

Answer 20

K+ CHANNELS OPEN, K+ EXITS CELL; Ca+ CHANNELS OPEN AND Ca+ ENTERS; CALLED PLATEAU BC EVEN THO K+ IS LEAVING (WHICH WOULD TYPICALLY MAKE CELLS NEGATIVE), Ca+ ENTERS AND THE CHARGE IS +, SO THERE IS NOT MUCH OF A CHANGE

Question 21

Voltages associated with the repolarization of cardiac muscle cells.

Answer 21

-90 mV; Ca+ CHANNELS CLOSE; K+ CHANNELS REMAIN OPEN SO K+ LEAVES, MAKING IT NEGATIVE

Question 22

LEFT/RIGHT ATRIOVENTRICULAR (AV) VALVE:

Answer 22

BETWEEN AN ATRIUM & A VENTRICLE

Question 23

PULMONARY/AORTIC SEMILUNAR VALVE:

Answer 23

BETWEEN A VENTRICLE & ARTERIAL TRUNK

Question 24

ANOTHER NAME FOR LEFT AV VALVE IS _____ VALVE. ANOTHER NAME FOR RIGHT AV VALVE IS _____ VALVE.

Answer 24

BICUSPID; TRICUSPID

Question 25

SINOATRIAL (SA) NODE:

Answer 25

GROUP OF CELLS IN POSTERIOR WALL OF RIGHT ATRIUM THAT SET THE HEART RATE

Question 26

AV NODE:

Answer 26

GROUP OF SPECIALIZED HEART CELLS IN THE INFERIOR RIGHT ATRIUM THAT DELAY ACTION POTENTIALS TO THE AV BUNDLE

Question 27

AV BUNDLE:

Answer 27

EXTENDS FROM AV NODE INTO & THRU THE INTERVENTRICULAR SEPTUM; DIVIDES INTO LEFT & RIGHT BUNDLE BRANCHES

Question 28

PURKINJE FIBERS:

Answer 28

EXTENDS FROM LEFT & RIGHT BUNDLE BRANCHES BEGINNING AT THE APEX OF THE HEART & THEN THRU WALLS OF VENTRICLES