Review

Question 1

Range of pole syringe

Answer 1

3-4m

Question 2

Range of blow pipes

Answer 2

10-15m (for soft-skinned animals, e.g. primates)

Question 3

Range of pistol dart projector

Answer 3

1-25m

Question 4

Range of rifle dart projector

Answer 4

5-60m

Question 5

Which of these is the correct flow of gas through the AX machine?
Vaporizer -> Flowmeter -> Fresh gas inlet

O2 cylinder->Vaporizer-> Flowmeter

Pressure reduction valve -> Flowmeter -> Vaporizer

Pressure reduction valve -> Fresh gas inlet -> Vaporizer

Answer 5

Pressure reduction valve -> Flowmeter -> Vaporizer

Question 6

Which tubes are used in re-breathing systems?

Answer 6

Universal F

Circle/Y

Question 7

What is the ideal plane of AX for surgery?

Answer 7

Stage 3- Plane 2

Question 8

What is the normal SAP and MAP for small animals? Large animals?

Answer 8

Small (evens): SAP-60, MAP-80

Large (odds): SAP-70, MAP-90

Question 9

What range of MAP keep circulation in the brain normal? Kidney?

Answer 9

Brain: 50-150
Kidneys: 80-180

Question 10

What is the gold standard for determining oxygenation in the AX’s patient?

Answer 10

Blood gas

Question 11

What are the MAC values for iso and sevo in the dog?

Answer 11

ISO 1.3%

Sevo 2.6%

Question 12

Which of the following will not interfere with the pulse oximeter reading?

Respiratory disease
Pigmentation on the tongue
Hypoperfusion
Anemia
Methemoglobin

Answer 12

Respiratory disease

Question 13

T/F: There is an increase in ICP at > 1 MAC.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What is the metabolic O2 requirement?

Answer 14

5-10 mL/kg/min

Question 15

What is the Induction/Recovery flow rate in small animals? Maintenance?

Answer 15

Induction/recovery 50-100 mL/kg/min, Maintenance 20-50mL/kg/min

Question 16

What is the Induction/Recovery flow rate in large animals? Maintenance?

Answer 16

Induction/recovery 20-50mL/kg/min Maintenance 10-20mL/kg/min

Question 17

How do you calculate small animal RE-BREATHING reservoir bag size?

Answer 17

BW x 90 
Tidal volume (15mL/kg) x6

Question 18

How do you calculate small animal NON-REBREATHING reservoir bag size?

Answer 18

300 mL/kg/min

Question 19

What are the causes for exponential decreased of ETCO2?

Answer 19

CV arrest
PTE
Sudden hypotension/massive blood loss
Cardiopulmonary bypass

Question 20

What can cause an rapid increase in ETCO2?

Answer 20

Malignant hyperthermia

ROSC

Question 21

Azaperone is a dopamine antagonist sedative commonly used in dogs?

Answer 21

Pigs

Question 22

What drug is used to malignant hyperthermia?

Answer 22

Dantrolene

Question 23

What is the most common dart used used?

Answer 23

Compressed air

Question 24

What has the greatest effect on kinetic energy and thus the greatest factor in dart injury?

Answer 24

Velocity

Question 25

What is the most common opiate used in birds?

Answer 25

Butorphanol

Question 26

What drugs are commonly used in an epidural?

Answer 26

Bupivicane and morphine

Question 27

Using the Train of Four (TOF) nerve stimulation pattern, the largest twitch with a partial block is the ___one, the ____is the smallest. The TOF ratio equal to or greater than ____ indicated acceptable recover.

Answer 27

1st 4th 0,

Question 28

Which NMBD causes histamine release at high doses?

Answer 28

Atracurium

Question 29

Which non-depolarizing NMDB is antagonized using Sugammadex? Is reversal of NMDBs recommended?

Answer 29

Rocuronium No, unpredictable

Question 30

Which 2 bones are indicated for intraosseous injections in birds?

Answer 30

Ulna Tibiotarsus (Non-pneumatic bones)