Review Flashcards
How many electrons are in each of the outer shells of an atom
2,8,8
Three states of matter are….
Gases, liquids, and solids
Mass is the amount of _____ in an object
Volume
Volume is the amount of ______ that matter occupies
Space
Elements in groups are similar because….
They have the same number of valance elections
Physical change definition
A change of form or a change of state
Chemical change definition
A changing of a substance into something new that has different physical and chemical properties
Physical properties
Changes of state (melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, sublimation)
Dissolving solutes in solvents
Crushing, cutting, tearing an object
Chemical properties
Colour change Gas is formed (you can see bubbles) Solid is formed Production of light or heat (given off) Change that is difficult to reverse
Elements and compounds
An element contains only one type of atom
A compound contains one type of molecules
Pure substance and mixture
Pure substance is a substance that is made up of only one type of particle
Mixture is a substance that is made up of at least two different types of particles
Homogeneous and heterogeneous
Homogeneous is uniformly distributed
Heterogeneous is localized regions with different properties
Atom and molecule
Atom is the smallest unit of an element
Molecule is two or more atoms of the same or different elements that are chemically joined together in a unit
Chemical formula of vinegar is H3 C2 O2 H
List the number of atoms in each element
H-3
C-2
O-2
H-1
Give the charge, size, and location for the following
Proton, neutron, electron
Proton: positive, 1, inside nucleus
Neutron: neutral, 1, inside nucleus
Electron: negative, less then 1, outside nucleus
Ion cation and anion
Ion- a particle that has either a positive or negative charge
Cation- a positively charged ion
Anion- a negatively charged ion
Density
A measure of how much mass is contained in a given unit volume of a substance
Calculated by dividing the mass of a sample by its volume
