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HISTOPATH2024 > REVERSIBLE CHANGES/ NECROSIS/ APOPTOSIS > Flashcards

REVERSIBLE CHANGES/ NECROSIS/ APOPTOSIS Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT ARE THE GROSS CHANGES IN REVERSIBLE

A
  1. Organ Pallor
  2. Increased Weight
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2
Q

Microscopic Changes in reversible changes

A

1Fatty degeneration
2. Cellular swelling

“FC”

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3
Q

In IRREVERSIBLE CHANGEs what are the cytoplasmic changes that appear

A
  1. cloudy swelling
  2. increased eosinophilia
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4
Q

W hat are the Nuclear Changes noticeable in irreversible changes?

A

1.Pyknosis
2.Karyolysis
3.Karyorrhexis

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5
Q

condensation of nucleus

A. Pyknosis
B.Karyolysis
C.Karyorrhexis-

A

A. Pyknosis

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6
Q

Fragmentation or segmentation of nucleus
A. Pyknosis
B.Karyolysis
C.Karyorrhexis-

A

B.Karyolysis

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7
Q

dissolution of nucleus

A. Pyknosis
B.Karyolysis
C.Karyorrhexis
d. APOPTOSIS

A

C.Karyorrhexis

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8
Q

the 2 patterns of cell death

A

apoptosis and necrosis

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9
Q

Normal cell death except for stable and permanent cell

A

APOPTOSIS

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10
Q
  • Death of single cell in a cluster of cells
  • Has CELL SHRINKAGE

a. apoptosis
b. necrosis

A

apoptosis

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
APOPTOSIS HAS CELL SHRINKAGE

A

TRUE

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12
Q

WHAT ARE THE 5 Chief Morphological
Features OF APOPTOSIS

A
  1. Chromatin condensation
  2. Chromatin fragmentation
  3. Cell shrinkage
  4. Cytoplasmic bleb formation
  5. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells
    “CCCCP”
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13
Q

Death of cell due to a disease

A. APOPTOSIS
B. NECROSIS

A

B. NECROSIS

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
IN NECROSIS THE CELL SWELL

A

TRUE

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15
Q

Due to sudden cut off of blood and oxygen supply; enzymes are BLOCKED

A. Liquefactive Necrosis
B. Coagulative Necrosis
C. Caseous Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis

A

B. Coagulative Necrosis

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16
Q

Cell death is due to ISCHEMIA

A. Liquefactive Necrosis
B. Coagulative Necrosis
C. Caseous Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis

A

B. Coagulative Necrosis

17
Q

Microscopically: Cell outlines are preserved/maintained; appears GHOSTLY

A. Liquefactive Necrosis
B. Coagulative Necrosis
C. Caseous Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis

A

B. Coagulative Necrosis

18
Q
  • On gross: Affected organs are somewhat firm, appearing like a boiled material (solid organs: kidney, liver, heart)
  • i.e. Myocardial infarction

A. Liquefactive Necrosis
B. Coagulative Necrosis
C. Caseous Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis

A

B. Coagulative Necrosis

19
Q

Appears liquidy, creamy yellow (due to increase pus)

A. Liquefactive Necrosis
B. Coagulative Necrosis
C. Caseous Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis

A

A. Liquefactive Necrosis

20
Q
  • Softening of organs is due to the action of hydrolytic enzyme
  • There is complete digestion of cells
A

Liquefactive
Necrosis

21
Q

EXAMPLES ARE: brain infarction, suppurative bacterial infection

A. Liquefactive Necrosis
B. Coagulative Necrosis
C. Caseous Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis

A

A. Liquefactive Necrosis

22
Q

Cheese like-appearance

A. Liquefactive Necrosis
B. Coagulative Necrosis
C. Caseous Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis

A

C. Caseous Necrosis

23
Q

Combination of liquefactive and coagulative necrosis

A. Liquefactive Necrosis
B. Coagulative Necrosis
C. Caseous Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis

A

C. Caseous Necrosis

24
Q

Microscopically: Appears as amorphous granular debri surrounded by granulomatous inflammation

A. Liquefactive Necrosis
B. Coagulative Necrosis
C. Caseous Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis

A

C. Caseous Necrosis

25
On gross: Affected organs appear greasy, resembling cheese
C. Caseous Necrosis
26
Usually seen in Tuberculosis (TB) A. Liquefactive Necrosis B. Coagulative Necrosis C. Caseous Necrosis D. Fibrinoid Necrosis
C. Caseous Necrosis
27
Seen in immune reactions of the vessel A. Liquefactive Necrosis B. Coagulative Necrosis C. Caseous Necrosis D. Fibrinoid Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis
28
Deposition of fibrin in the vessel wall which appears thick under the microscope A. Liquefactive Necrosis B. Coagulative Necrosis C. Caseous Necrosis D. Fibrinoid Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis
29
*Gross appearance cannot be noted (changes are too small to be observed on gross) *MICROSCOPICALLY ONLY!! A. Liquefactive Necrosis B. Coagulative Necrosis C. Caseous Necrosis D. Fibrinoid Necrosis
D. Fibrinoid Necrosis
30
* Adipose Cells * Destruction of fat cells due to release of pancreatic lipases * Death of fat tissues due to loss of blood supply A. Liquefactive Necrosis B. Fat necrosis C. Caseous Necrosis D. Fibrinoid Necrosis
B. Fat necrosis
31
**On gross: necrotic material appears chalky-white precipitate** A. Liquefactive Necrosis B. Fat necrosis C. Caseous Necrosis D. Fibrinoid Necrosis
B. Fat necrosis
32
* On microscopy: infiltrates of foamy macrophage adjacent to adipose tissues * Seen in pancreatitis A. Liquefactive Necrosis B. Fat necrosis C. Caseous Necrosis D. Fibrinoid Necrosis
B. Fat necrosis
33
* Affected organ is usually the breast A. Liquefactive Necrosis B. Fat necrosis C. Caseous Necrosis D. Fibrinoid Necrosis
B. Fat necrosis
34
Secondary to Ischemia A. Liquefactive Necrosis B. Fat necrosis C. Gangrenous necrosis
C. Gangrenous necrosis
35
* NOT a specific pattern of necrosis * Refers to a limb that has lost its blood supply A. Liquefactive Necrosis B. Fat necrosis C. Gangrenous necrosis
C. Gangrenous necrosis
36
* Affected skin looks dry, appears black, and observed in various stages of decomposition A. Liquefactive Necrosis B. Fat necrosis C. Gangrenous necrosis
C. Gangrenous necrosis
37
-Due to venous occlusion (occluded vessel) - EMBOLISIM OF FOOD A. WET GANGRENE B Dry gangrene
WET GANGRENE
38
-Due to arterial occlusion (occluded artery) -i.e. Bacterial infection A. WET GANGRENE B Dry gangrene C. Gangrenous Necrosis
B Dry gangrene
39

HISTOPATH2024 (14 decks)

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