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HISTOPATH2024 > CELLULAR ADAPTATIONS > Flashcards

CELLULAR ADAPTATIONS Flashcards

1
Q

Enumerate the the 7 cellular adaptation

A
  1. Athropy
    2.Metaplasia
    3.DYSPLASIA
    4.ANAPLASIA
  2. NEOPLASIA
  3. HYPERTROPHY
  4. HYPERPLASIA
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2
Q

Acquired decrease in tissue or organ size
A. Pressure Atrophy
B.atrophy
C. HYPERPLASIA

A

Atrophy

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3
Q

Type of Atrophy that may develop or occur as a consequence of
maturation

A. Pressure Atrophy
B.hunger
C.physiologic atrophy
D. Pathologic Atrophy

A

Physiologic atrophy

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4
Q
  1. The atrophy ofthymus at puberty
    2.The decrease in uterus size after childbirth

Are example of?
A. Physiologic Hypertrophy
B. Physiologic Atrophy
C. Compensatory hyperplasia

A

B. Physiologic atrophy

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5
Q

Persistent pressure on the organ or tissues may directly injure the cells or may secondarily promote diminution of blood supply.

A. Pathologic Atrophy
B. METAPLASIA
C. Pressure Atrophy

A

Pressure Atrophy

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6
Q

Vascular Atrophy may develop as a result of –?

A. Pathologic Atrophy
b. Pressure Atrophy

A

B. Pressure atrophy

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7
Q

Due to lack of nutritional supply to sustain normal growth

A

Hunger atrophy

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8
Q

Due to lack of hormones needed to maintain normal size and structure

A. Atrophy of Disease
B. Endocrine hyperplasia
C. Endocrine atrophy

A

Endocrine atrophy

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9
Q

Inactivity or diminished function

A. Atrophy of Disease
B. Physiologic Hypertrophy
C. Mesenchymal metaplasia

A

A. Atrophy of Disease

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10
Q

Too much workload can cause general wasting of tissues

A

Exhaustion Atrophy

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11
Q

→ Increase in tissue or organ size due to an increase in the number of cells
→ NO NEWCELLS ARE PRODUCED

A. HYPERTROPHY
B.METAPLASIA
C.HYPERPLASIA

A

A. Hypertrophy

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12
Q

Ex. skeletal muscles due to frequent exercise, may revert to normal by removing the stimulus
A.Physiologic hypertrophy
B. Physiologic Atrophy
C. Compensatory Hypertrophy

A

A.Physiologic hypertrophy

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13
Q

• May develop as response to a deficiency
• Occurs when one of the paired organs is removed

A, Compensatory Hypertrophy
B. Physiologic Hypertrophy

A

A, Compensatory Hypertrophy

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14
Q

Ex: 1.Renal Hypertrophy

A. Pathologic Hypertrophy
B. Compensatory Hypertrophy

A

B. Compensatory Hypertrophy

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15
Q

1.Hypertrophy of the myocardium due to hypertension
2. Aortic valve disease

These are example of what?

A. Compensatory hyperplasia
B.compensatory hypertrophy
C. Pathologic Hypertrophy

A

C. Pathologic hypertrophy

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16
Q

→ Increase in tissue or organ size due to an increase in the number of cells making up the organ
→ NEW CELLS ARE PRODUCED

A. Hyperplasia
B.hypertrophy
C. Atrophy

A

A. Hyperplasia

17
Q
  1. Increase in breast and uterus size during pregnancy
  2. Increase in breast size during puberty due to glandular stimulation
  3. Erythroid bone marrow

Are example of?

A. Physiologic hyperplasia
B. Compensatory hyperplasia
C.pathologic hyperplasia

A

A. Physiologic hyperplasia

18
Q

Can be observed in Grave’s Disease

A.hyperplasia
B.pathologic hyperplasia
C.pathologic atrophy

A

B, pathologic hyperplasia

19
Q

diffuse crowding of epithelial cells (increase of EC)

A. Pathologic hyperplasia
B.graves disease
C. Metaplasia

A

B. Grave’s disease

20
Q

Endometrium due to excessive estrogen

A.pathologic hyperplasia
B. Atrophy
C.pathologic metaplasia

A

A.pathologic hyperplasia

21
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Compensatory hypertrophy and hyperplasia both frequently occur together and is triggered by the same stimulus

A

True!

22
Q

Considered as a REVERSIBLE PROCESS

A.atresia
B. Atrophy
C.hyperplasia
D. Metaplasia

A

D. Metaplasia

23
Q

Adult to-Adult Cell Transformation

A

Metaplasia

24
Q

2 types of metaplasia

A

1.Mesenchymal metaplasia
2.Epithelial metaplasia

25
Q

The cells involved in the transformation are Epithelial cells

A

Epithelial metaplasia

26
Q

The cells involved in the transformation are Connective tissue cells

A

Mesenchymal metaplasia

27
Q

Ciliated columnar epithelium of Bronchi + Cigarette Smoking=

What is the metaplastic tissue?

A

Squamous epithelium

28
Q

Transitional epithelium of Bladder +Trauma of Bladder=

A

Squamous epithelium

29
Q

Columnar glandular epithelium+ Vitamin A. deficiency=

Metastatic tissue

A

Squamous epithelial

30
Q

Gastric Acidity may be triggered due to drinking coffee.
What is the original tissue?

A

Esophageal squamous epithelium

31
Q

Esophageal squamous epithelium what will be the metastatic tissue?

A

Columnar Epithelium

32
Q

Aka PRE-NEOPLASTIC LESION or ATYPICAL METAPLASIA

A. ANAPLASIA
B. NEOPLASIA
C. DYSPLASIA

A

C. DYSPLASIA

33
Q

No transformation, only change in cell size. shape, and orientation (the arrangement of cells)

A. Anaplasia
B.dysplasia

A

B.dysplasia

34
Q

→ A reversible process
→ May lead to cancer but not necessarily

A. NEOPLASIA
B. DYSPLASIA
C. NEOPLASIA

A

B. DYSPLASIA

35
Q

Aka DE-DIFFERENTIATION

A

ANAPLASIA

36
Q

Transformation of Adult cells to Embryonic or Fetal cells

A

ANAPLASIA

37
Q

An irreversible process

A. Anaplasia
B.dysplasia

A

A. Anaplasia

38
Q

NOT A CELLULAR ADAPTATION MECHANISM

A. Liquefactive Necrosis
B. Hypoxic
C. Neoplasia

A

Neoplasia

HISTOPATH2024 (14 decks)

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