REVEL Chapter 7 Quiz: Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language Flashcards
Researchers have found that it takes __________ to view a mental image that is larger or covers more distance than a smaller or more compact one.
longer
Research suggests we engage mental images in our mind __________ the way we engage or interact with physical objects.
much like
A psychologist asks people to envision a circle. Next he asks them to draw the circle they envisioned. When comparing the pictures, almost all circles look identical. The fact that a circle typically fits a specific and rigid set of rules is an example of a __________.
formal concept
Trial and error is sometimes referred to as a(n) __________.
mechanical solution
Lynn and Ted bought a new house with an unfinished basement. To determine how they want to finish it, they lay down tape on the floor showing where walls will go and rooms will be. This process of problem solving is known as __________.
working backwards from the goal
One day at work, Julie’s earring fell on the floor, and she was unable to find the back. To keep from losing her earring, Julie reinserted it and used part of a pencil eraser to keep the earring in place. Using a pencil eraser as a temporary earring back showed that Julie overcame __________.
functional fixedness
Which of the following questions would be more likely to produce divergent thinking?
“How many uses can you think of for a clothes hanger?”
Which type of intelligence, according to Howard Gardner, would most likely be present in farmers, landscapers, and biologists?
naturalistic
According to Sternberg, “book smarts” is another way of talking about which kind of intelligence?
analytical
Which of the following tests came first?
Binet’s mental ability test
Dr. Stevenson gives all her classes 45 minutes to complete their psychology test regardless of if the class meets for 50 minutes, 75 minutes, or even 3 hours. Such a technique promotes test __________.
standardization
In contrast to comparing mental age to chronological age, most modern tests of intelligence use __________.
age-group comparison norms
A realistic goal for all test developers is to __________ cultural bias in their intelligence tests.
minimize
Dr. Garber works with children who have grown up in poor socioeconomic conditions. Many of her clients come from homes that do not emphasize education or social involvement, and opportunities for advancement are practically nonexistent. Many are malnourished, have been exposed to a variety of environmental toxins, and have multiple infections without adequate or timely health care. What might these children be at risk for?
intellectual disability
Dr. Park has found that her patient, Ye-Jun, has a defect in a gene on the X chromosome of his 23rd pair, resulting in a deficiency of a protein needed for brain development. Ye-Jun most likely suffers from __________.
fragile X syndrome
In Terman’s study of gifted children, mental health issues and relationship problems during childhood only occurred in those with IQs of __________.
180 or higher
What might be the best predictor of why some people do not excel in school but essentially succeed in their life and career choices?
emotional intelligence
What does the Flynn effect theorize?
Intelligence scores are steadily increasing in modernized countries
Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf theorized that __________, a concept reflected in their linguistic relativity hypothesis.
language shapes thoughts
Cognitive universalism tends to __________ the linguistic relativity hypothesis.
contradict
