Rev

Question 1

What is the name for the process of male and female

gametes fusing together?

Answer 1

fertilisation

Question 2

Which type of reproduction uses mitosis?

Answer 2

Asexual

reproduction

Question 3

What is an allele and give an example of a human

allele?

Answer 3

Alleles are different
versions of the
same gene. for eye
colour has an allele
for blue eye colour
and an allele for
brown eye colour

Question 4

Name the 2 animal gametes and 2 plant gametes

Answer 4

Animal - Sperm and
egg. Plant - pollen
and eggs

Question 5

Which type of reproduction fuses genetic information

from male and female gametes?

Answer 5

sexual

reproduction

Question 6

How many chromosomes does a normal human cell

have?

Answer 6

23 pairs, 46

Question 7

What is a heterozygous genotype, give an example?

Answer 7

two different
alleles of a gene.
eg. Bb or Aa

Question 8

What the genotype for someone with blue (b) eyes if

their parents had brown eyes (B)?

Answer 8

Bb

Question 9

What is the phenotype for someone with blue (b) eyes

if their parents had brown eyes (B)?

Answer 9

Phenotype is blue

eyes

Question 10

List 2 inherited disorders and say if each is dominant or

recessive

Answer 10

Cycstic fibrosis -
recessive.
Polydactyly -
Dominant

Question 11

What is the name of a small piece of DNA in a

chromosome?

Answer 11

gene

Question 12

What do we call the process of choosing parents with
desired characteristics so that their offspring will have
similar characteristics?

Answer 12

Selective breeding

Question 13

Give 1 possible use of genetic engineering in medicine.

Answer 13

Mass production of

insulin

Question 14

Give 1 problem with inbreeding caused by selective

breeding?

Answer 14

Loss of alleles from
the gene pool =
less variation

Question 15

What do we call a slight change in DNA code?

Answer 15

Mutation

Question 16

What the phenotype for someone with blue (b) eyes if

their parents had brown eyes (B)?

Answer 16

Bb

Question 17

What do we call the process of modifying the genome

of one organism by adding a gene from another?

Answer 17

Genetic
modification /
genetic engineering

Question 18

List 2 plant characteristics which we have promoted through selective breeding?

Answer 18

Wheat plants that produce more
grain, disease
resistance

Question 19

List 2 animal characteristics which we have promoted

through selective breeding?

Answer 19

Chickens that lay
large eggs, Cows
that produce lots of
milk

Question 20

What can new predators, new diseases, new
competition for food and changes in environment all
lead to?

Answer 20

Extinction

Question 21

Why is it a problem that some bacteria are resistant to

antibiotics?

Answer 21

Infections become
harder to
treat/impossible to
treat. Higher
mortality

Question 22

Why are there so few fossils?

Answer 22

many early forms
of life were soft-
bodied, which
means that they
have left few traces
behind

Question 23

What theory do fossil records, antibiotic resistance in

bacteria and an understanding of genetics all support?

Answer 23

Evolution

Question 24

List the 7 categories in the correct order, of in the

Linnaean system

Answer 24

Kingdom, Phylum,
Class, Order,
Family, Genus,
Species

Question 25

What is the name for the diagram used to show how

we think organisms are related?

Answer 25

phylogenetic tree