Atoms Flashcards
Atoms…
cannot be broken down into constituents by chemical means (elements).
Compound is…
Two or more types of atoms chemically bonded.
Mixture is…
Different atoms/compounds not chemically bonded.
How do you separate mixtures into different substances?
Using chromatography.
What things do you need to perform chromatography?
Pencil , Beaker , Water , Filter paper , Dot of mixture.
2 things to make sure you do in chromatography?
Draw line where dot was in case it disappears
Line where water ends up on paper ( in pencil).
What happens during chromatography?
Capillary action draws water up paper , taking particles too. Lighter particles end up higher.
What is chromatography used for?
Separate mixtures into different substances to be analysed.
How do you work out the retention factor?
Solute distance (ink) / solvent distance (water)
What is filtration?
Removes insoluble particles e.g sand.
What things are needed for filtration?
Beaker , Filter paper , funnel.
What is distillation?
Removes solute from solvent e.g salt from water.
What happens during distillation?
Mixture/solution heated.
Water evaporates, then condenses, leaving solute behind.
Atom structure?
Protons and neutrons in nucleus.
Electrons orbiting nucleus.
Group 1? 3 things
- Alkali metals
- Get more reactive as you go down due to electron further away from nucleus.
- React with water to make alkali solution.
