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PSYC 212 > Retinal Processing > Flashcards

Retinal Processing Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three layers of the retina?

A

Photoreceptors (rods and cones)
Pigment epithelium
Sclera

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2
Q

What is the first cell type light is most likely to encounter as it enters the eye and moves towards the back of the eye?

A

Ganglion cell

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3
Q

Which photoreceptor is bigger?

A

Rods

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4
Q

Ganglion cells are located everywhere except

A

At the fovea

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5
Q

There are more photoreceptors/mm^2 in the (nasal/temporal) retina

A

Nasal

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6
Q

Where are there more rods than cones? More cones than rods?

A

More rods in retinas

More cones in fovea

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7
Q

In which retina is the optic disc located? What is the consequence of this?

A

Nasal, causes a blind spot

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8
Q

Which are more sensitive, rods or cones?

A

rods

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9
Q

Why is it easier to see a bright star on a dim night when you look next to it?

A

Because there are more rods on the parafovea which are more sensitive

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10
Q

True/False? Cones can adapt to dark light just as well as rods can

A

False

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11
Q

What is the difference between scotopic and photopic vision?

A

Scotopic: dark
Photopic: well lit

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12
Q

What is the photochromatic interval?

A

The increase in sensitivity going from photopic to scotopic vision

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13
Q

What is the Purkinje shift?

A

The shift in optimal wavelength going from photopic to scotopic vision

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14
Q 
How do On-center RGCs react when light is shone:
Directly on centre?
Dimly on centre?
Directly off centre?
Dimly off centre?
Everywhere?
A 
Strongly
Weakly
Weakly
Strongly
Weakly
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15
Q 
How do Off-center RGCs react when light is shone:
Directly on centre?
Dimly on centre?
Directly off centre?
Dimly off centre?
Everywhere?
A 
Weakly
Strongly
Strongly
Weakly
Weakly
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16
Q

True/False? A photoreceptor is connected to just an on or just an off-centre RGC

A

False

17
Q

What are Centre-Surround interactions most responsive to? What does this result in?

A

Contrast, Results in non-uniform receptive field structures (enhances edge information in scenes)

18
Q 
Compare parasol and midget cells in terms of their 
Receptive fields
Conduction velocity
Responsiveness to rapid contrast change
Color response
A 
Parasol RGCs:
Large RF
High Conduction v
v. responsive to rapid contrast
Poor color response
Midget RGCs
Small RFs
Low conduction v
Poorly responsive to rapid
Good color response
19
Q

Why is visual acuity lower in the periphery?

A

Optical and biological factors

RFs are larger

20
Q

How does the contrast sensitivity/spatial frequency curve change in a person with myopia?

A

Shifted to the left

PSYC 212 (15 decks)

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