Retinal detachment and Vitreous haemorrhage Flashcards
2 causes of vitreous haemorrhage
diabetes and bleeding disorders
how does a vitreous haemorrhage present
sudden appearance of floaters/spots in your vision and vision may be worse in the morning (due to blood settling to the back of the eye)
4 conditions where there is potential of bleeding blood vessels secondary to neovascularisation
- Diabetic eye disease
- Macular degeneration
- Retinal vein occlusion
- Retinopathy with sickle cell disease
management of vitreous haemorrhage if blood is slowly too slowly
vitrectomy
advice to a patient with a vitreous haemorrhage
- rest
- sit upright
- elevate head at night
- avoid heavy lifting
what is retinal detachment
separation of the neurosensory layer of the retina from the outermost pigmented epithelium
risk factors for retinal detachment?
- myopia
- trauma
how can trauma cause retinal detachment
trauma can cause high velocity vitreous movement; therefore causing traction of the retina, and can also cause a tear
visual symptoms experienced in posterior vitreous detachment?
flashes of light - due to stimulation of the retina
floaters on temporal side of central vision
what can posterior vitreous detachment cause?
retinal tear
visual symptoms of retinal detachment? (3)
- Dense shadows showing peripherally, progressing towards the central vision
- Straight lines appearing curved
- Central visual loss
investigations in retinal detachment + findings
FUNDOSCOPY
- crinkling of retinal tissue
- change in vessel direction
- tobacco dust in anterior vitreous
SLIT LAMP
management of retinal detachment
- Urgent review by ophthalmology on the same day due to risk of permanent: visual field loss, distortion, blurred vision
when is visual acuity normal in retinal detachment
when the macula is spared
what is Rheumatogenous detachment?
full thickness tear
