Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neuro > Retina / Optic nerve > Flashcards

Retina / Optic nerve Flashcards

1
Q

MAR primary affects what?

A

RODS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Circulating autoantibodies cross react with retinal recoverin in what dx?

A

CAR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nasal radiating fibers causes what type of defect?

A

Temporal wedge defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

On FA delay in disc filling and normal chorodial perfusion is seen in what?

A

NAION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which dz has greater optic disc edema: Optic neuritis or NAION?

A

NAION (100%) vs ON (33%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Unilateral retinal venous congestion and disc edema in healthy young patient with normal VA is?

A

Papillophelbitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What 2 dz is astrocytic harmartoma present?

A
  1. Tuberous sclerosis

2. NF!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What lesion obscures optic nerve vessels, is vascular, and is fleshy pink?

A

Astrocytic hamarotoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which LHON mutation is the most common?

A

11778

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which LHON mutation has the best prognosis - most likely to recover?

A

14484

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A wedge-shaped temporal excavation of the optic disc is highly suggestive of?

A

AD optic atrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Disc edema is seen in LCA or LHON?

A

LCA - disc edema, irregularity of RPE, extensive CR atrophy, macular coloboma, white dots, marbleized retinal appearance
LHON - circumpapillary telangiectasia, pseudoedema of disc with NO FA staining, PALLOR OF ENTIRE DISC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which tumor has extradural tumor extension: ONGlioma or ONmeningioma?

A

ON meningioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is more common ON glioma or ON meningioma?

A

ON Glioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most common presenting sign for ON glioma (pilocytic astrocytoma)?

A
  1. Proptosis
  2. Visual loss
  3. OD pallor
  4. OD edema
  5. Strabismus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the demographic for ON menigioma?

A

40-50s - women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Malginant astrocytoma aka?

A

Adult ON glioma - males (NOT a/w NF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which chiasm lesion has normal vision?

A

Posterior chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which chiasm lesion has normal vision?

A

Posterior chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Retrochiasm lesion affect this vision how?

A

Do not decrease VA unless the lesions are bilateral, then VA will be equal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

LGN defects look like what and are caused by what?

A

Sectoranopia; Posterior choroidal (hilum) or anterior choroidal artery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens to the ventricular system and CSF in pseudo tumor?

A

Normal brain on CT scan; increased CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Bilateral optic neuritis occurs in whom?

A

Children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Morning Glory syndrome is a/w what 4 d/o?

A
  1. Basal encepholocele
  2. Pituitary dwarfism
  3. Moyamoya dz
  4. NF2!!!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
On a molecular level, what is the problem in MG?
Presence of antibodies to ACH receptors in the moter endplate of striated muscle.
26
What percentage of pts with ocular MG have detectable ACH receptor Ab?
60%
27
What is not affected in CPEO?
Pupils spared
28
In myotonic dystrophy, what happens to the pupils?
Mitoic pupils to light AND near!!
29
Other than muscles and fat, what else enlarges in Graves dz?
Lacrimal Gland
30
Which LGN cells have small receptive fields tuned to fine spatial resolution?
P cells - color (red/green)
31
Which LGN cells have large receptive fields and low spatial resolution?
M cells - motion; K cells - blue/yellow color (SWAP tests this)
32
What is denial of blindness which usually occurs following b/l damage to straie cortex?
Anton's syndrome
33
What is preservatio of perception of motion in blind hemifield?
Riddoch phenomenon - Following occipital stroke
34
What is a visuospatial d/o in which patients are unable to attend to stimuli presented into the left hemifield, despite full VF?
Hemispatial neglect - caused by damage to a network in the right hemisphere that controls visuospatial attention to both hemispheres. Areas include PPC, FEF, cingulate gyrus.
35
What is the perception in time of a previously viewed image?
Palinopsia
36
What is failure to integrate multiple elements of a visual scene into 1 global image; and where is the lesion?
Simultanagnosia ("cookie theft picture"); posterior parietal cortex - Balint's syndrome
37
What ON d/o must have optic disc edema by definition?
NAION
38
Which PO medication is used for IIH?
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
39
Which phakomatosis is a/w ON meningoma?
NF2!
40
What is the treatment of choice for ON meningioma?
Radiation tx (for
41
What is the treatment of choice for a sphenoid wing meningoma?
Surgery
42
What 2 toxic optic neuropathies present with rapid VA loss with disc edema?
1.Ethylene glycol 2. Methanol Usually toxic is slow developing with no disc edema WITH A WEDGE SHAPED NFL DEFECT!! ETHAMBUTOL IS MOST COMMON - low renal clearance
43
In LHON what do you see in the contralteral eye that presents before onset of disc edema?
Peripapillary telencetasias
44
What disease has the OPA-1 mutation?
Kjer's AD Optic Atrophy
45
Platlet/fibrin plaques orginate from where?
Heart valves (calcium also from heart valves)
46
What is the main cause for junctional scotoma?
Sphenoid wing menigoma or asymmtric pitutary ademona
47
Post-fixation blindness or hemifield slide is caused from a lesion where?
Chiasm
48
The RAPD and bow-tiet are on which side of a optic tract lesion?
Contralateral (or IPSIlateral to the VF defect)
49
What is Gerstmann sydrome and where is the lesion.
Dominant parietal lobe 1. Acalculia 2. Agraphia 3. Finger agnosia 4. Left-right confusion
50
What is the tract of the nasocililary nerve?
It enters within the annulus of sinn --> the "runs through" the ciliary ganglion to innervate the globe --> branches run through the ethmoidal foramen to innervate the ethmoid and the skin of the nasal tip
51
The Middle Cerebral artery supplies what?
The very posterior tip of the primary visual cortex of the occipital lobe responsible for the CONTRALATERAL macular portion of the hemifield. (The PCA supplies the contralateral PVC responsbile for the hemifeild except for the macula)
52
What dx has bilateral stenosis or occlusion of arteries around the circle of Willis that causes TIAs, stroke, epilepsy?
Moyamoya dx
53
What is the most common VF defect with ODD?
Enlargement of blind spot (VF defect present 75-90%)
54
What is the 5 year risk % of contralateral NAION?
12-19%
55
Amsler grid test how many degrees of the central VF?
20 degrees (10 degrees on either side of fixation)
56
What is the Pulfrich phenomenon and when does it happen?
An illusion that an object moving perpendicular to them is looking like it is moving to and away from them. Occurs after a bout of optic neuritis.
57
Is a photopsia an illusion or hallucination?
Hallucination
58
Is a photopsia an illusion or hallucination?
Hallucination
59
What lesion causes rebound and gaze evoked nystagmus?
Cerebellar lesion - contains integrators
60
Dural venous sinus thromosis has what on finding?
swelling
61
In optic tract syndrome, which side is the VF defect, the APD, and the tract lesion?
APD and VF defect is CONTRAlateral to tract lesion. Also bowtie atrophy is contralateral!!

Neuro (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions