Pupils Flashcards
Ciliary ganglion with synapsing of nerves occurs in what system?
Parasympathetic (pupil constriction)
During sleep the pupil is?
Miotic (EW nucleus is not inhibited)
The preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic chain terminate where?
Superior cervical gangiion at the base of the skull (2nd order)
Tadpole pupil occur from what?
migrane (segmental spasm of the iris dilator m)
What is Holmes-Adies syndrome?
- Diminished deep tendon reflexes
2. Orthostatic hypotension
What causes a tonic pupil?
Postganglionic parasympathetic pupillomotor damage
What happens to Adie’s pupil over time?
Gets smaller (little old aides)
What is the most common cause of light-near dissociation of the pupils?
Optic neuropathy or severe retinopathy
What does cocaine drops do and test for?
Blocks reuptake of NE and used to dilate normal pupil in horners
What is Paredrine and what does it do?
1% hydroxyamphetamine - causes release of NE.. identifies THIRD order neuron defect
What does Cocaine and Paredrine do in testing for Horner’s?
Cocaine - CONFIRMS présence
Paredrine - Identifies 3rd order lesion
What does aproclondine drop do?
Causes REVERSAL of anisocoria of the AFFECTED pupil; no effect on Normal pupil.
(possible to denervation hypersensitivity of
alpha-1 receptor of the pupillary dilator m)
Oval pupils due to?
Midbrain (rostral) dysfunction
Does MG or Botulism affect the pupils?
Botulism - fixed and dilated
What is the normal function of apraclonidine (Iopidine) and what does it do the pupil in Horner’s?
Has greater alpha 2>1 effect so in a normal eye is causes mild constriction — in a Horners pupil it causes dilation (b/c greater alpha 1 effect) so it causes the normal pupil to constrict and horners to dilate causing a reversal of anisocoria.
