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Geography: Unit 2 > Retail > Flashcards

Retail Flashcards

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1
Q

How are European city centres changing?

A

Pedestrianisation- Queen st, Hayes- Safer experience- Little to no traffic, only delivery lorries- More enjoyable- Less air pollution

Quality of retailing- St Davids 2- Lots of shops in one area- Increased consumer choice- Covered shopping centres- Shopping regardless of weather- Plentiful parking spaces- Centre accessible by car

Recreation- Cafe Quarter in Mill Lane- Late night shopping- People stay in city longer- Restaurants where shoppers can eat- Keeps city vibrant

Urban fabric- Street furniture, vegetation- Good impression of city to visitors- Environment is pleasant- Increases the profile of the city

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2
Q

What are the effects of city centre changes on their daytime geography?

A

Traffic- Newport road- Congestion- Morning and evening rush hour- Access to city centre from further away from CBD difficult- Leads to accidents- Pollution, noise and air

Crime- Shoplifting- St Davids 2- Increase in minor crime, pick pocketing- Shoplifting well controlled by security guards

Leisure and recreation- Cafe Quarter- Gives shoppers chance to relax in city

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3
Q

What are the solutions to increased traffic in city centres during the daytime?

A
  • Congestion charges

- Flexi hours to spread traffic

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4
Q

What are the effects of city centre changes on their night time geography?

A

Leisure and recreation- Motorpoint arena- People enjoy concerts- Generates money for local economy- Vibrant city centre

Antisocial behaviour- St Mary st- Weekends busy, pubs and clubs- Antisocial behaviour- Too much alcohol

Pollution- City centre- Loud drunk people- Litter- Fast food restaurants- Dirty environment- Needs to be cleaned- Expensive for council to clear by morning

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5
Q

What are the impacts of changes in the inner city?

A

Cardiff Bay development- 30,000 jobs- 6000 tourist attraction- 2.1 million tourists per year- Money for local economy

Gentrification- Pontcanna- More wealthy residents- New business to cater for new residents eg restaurants- More jobs- Lower income families pushed out of area- Lack of community spirit

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6
Q

How and why are inner cities changing?

A

Redevelopment- Cardiff Bay- Old derelict land being renewed- 30,000 jobs- 6000 homes- Improve environment- Waterfront

Gentrification- Riverside- Improvement in housing quality- New windows and roofs- Bought by more affluent people- Who enjoy the benefits of city living

More young single people- Cardiff Bay- Want to be close to amenities in city centre- Close to place of work- Less commuting time

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7
Q

Where does retailing occur in the city?

A

City centre- Queen st- Most accessible part of city- Car parks- Pedestrianised- Safer- Undercover shopping centre- Protects from weather

Small shops- Llanedeyern- Provide for local community- Selling convenience goods

Retail parks- Urban rural fringe, Cardiff Gate- Cheap land- Free parking- Accessible- Close to M4 and A48

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8
Q

Explain why out of town shopping centres have developed?

A

Lower land values- Meadowhall, Sheffield- More room to expand- Free parking- rates and rents lower than city centre- Shops can be bigger

Nearby labour force- Meadowhall- Ready made workers- Customers close by- Large sphere of influence

Good transport links- Meadowhall- Near a number of motorway intersections- Easily accessible

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9
Q

What are the positives of out of town retail parks?

A
  1. Convenient, goods are cheaper, bought in bulk

2. Free, easy parking

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10
Q

What are the negatives of out of town shopping centres?

A
  1. Caused local shops to close- affecting the community

2. Built on the outskirts of the city, meaning people have to drive their cars- causing pollution

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11
Q

What are the negative impacts of the growth of out of town shopping centres?

A
  1. Congestion
  2. Larger stores attracted away from city centre to retail outlets
  3. Empty shops in city centres- attracting vandalism
  4. Fewer people visit the city centre- ‘dead heart’
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12
Q

How many people live within an hours drive of Meadowhall?

A

9 million

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13
Q

What are the advantages of Internet shopping?

A
  1. Customers can products not available locally, also cheaper
  2. Can buy from the comfort of their home
  3. Reduces traffic congestion in town centres
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14
Q

What are the disadvantages of Internet shopping?

A
  1. Not everyone, elderly, has Internet access
  2. Goods may not be as expected, possibly difficult to return
  3. Shops lose trade, people lose jobs
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15
Q

What are positives of Amazon in Swansea?

A
  1. 1200 full time jobs
  2. New link road built, PME, encourages other businesses to set up in the area
  3. Put region on map, attract other businesses, and jobs
  4. High skilled, well paid jobs in management and IT
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16
Q

When was the Amazon warehouse opened in Swansea?

A

2008

17
Q

What are the negatives of Amazon in Swansea?

A
  1. Losing manufacturing jobs, become nation of service workers
  2. Most jobs u skilled, low paid, not boost for economy
  3. Killing high streets, won’t help regeneration of city centre
18
Q

What are the positive impacts of UK consumer spending in LEDCs?

A

2009- 150,000 Kenyans employed in growing and packaging flowers for the UK market

Provided jobs for farmers in LEDCs

19
Q

What are the negative impacts of UK consumer spending in LEDCs?

A

Environmental problems- Land in LEDCs is used to grow tobacco rather than crops

More waste created, fills land sites, more greenhouse gases

Increased carbon footprint, food shipped all over the word, high food miles eg Scottish prawns

20
Q

What advantages does Walmart, a TNC, have on MEDCs?

A

Every new store creates 500 jobs

Walmart donates millions of dollars to improve schools, healthcare and the environment in the country that it locates

21
Q

What disadvantages does Walmart bring to TNCs?

A

Workers in China only paid $1 per hour

Some companies that produce goods for Walmart have long working hours and poor conditions, eg businesses in Bangladesh

22
Q

What are the impacts of consumer choice on people working in Asian sweatshops?

A

Dangerous environment, no worker’s rights- abuse, harmful materials

Work long hours for little pay

Most workers are women and sometimes illegal child labour

Physically demanding work producing a range of products with low levels of technology

23
Q

What are the impacts of consumer choice on the environment?

A

Transporting goods produces CO2

Landfill sites becoming full- food waste produces CH4

24
Q

What are the advantages of landfills?

A

Relatively cheap
Gases given off can be used for heating
Lots of different waste can be disposed of
Waste remains in UK and not burden for LEDCs

Geography: Unit 2 (3 decks)

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