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Paediatrics > Resuscitation Drugs > Flashcards

Resuscitation Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the typical dosage of Amiodarone during arrest

A

5mg/kg
Given once after the 3rd shock

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2
Q

How do you calculate weight from age if <12yo but above 12months?

A

(Age +4)x2
2yo would be (2+4)x2 = 12kg

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3
Q

How do you calculate weight from age if >12yo?

A

Age x 3 + 7
12yo = 36 + 7 = 43kg

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4
Q

What is the dosing of maintenance fluids per hour?

A

4ml/kg/hr for kg 1-10
2ml/kg/hr for the next kg 11-20
1ml/kg/hr for kg 21-50
25kg = 65mls/hr
over 24hrs 1560mls

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5
Q

What is the number of Joules per Kg in children?

A

4J/kg
20kg child would get 80j
If the exact number of joules is not available, round up to the closest setting on the machine

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6
Q

What is the dosing of IV adrenaline in arrest?

A

10mcg/kg
20kg child would get 200mcg
If shockable then every 2nd cycle
If non-shockable then immediately followed by every 2nd cycle

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7
Q

What is the initial resuscitation bolus of crystalloid?

A

20mls/kg
Usually normal saline

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8
Q

What is the placement of pads in infants? Older children?

A

Anteroposterior for infants
Anterolateral for older children

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9
Q

What is the dose of dextrose in children for hypoglycaemia?

A

2mls/kg of 10% dextrose

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10
Q

What is the dose of Midazolam in seizures?

A

0.15mg/kg IM/IV/IO
IN/Buccal 0.3mg/kg

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11
Q

Phenytoin in seizures

A

20mg/kg at rate 1mg/kg/min

Faster administration increases risk of hypotension and arrhythmias, needs cardiac monitoring

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12
Q

Phenobarbitone in seizures

A

20mg/kg

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13
Q

Thiopentone in seizures

A

Anaesthetic agent for RSI
2 - 5mg/kg
Infusion 1-4mg/kg/hr

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14
Q

Diazepam in seizures

A

IV/IO 0.3mg/kg
PR 0.5mg/kg

Cant be given IM as ineffective

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15
Q

Levetiracetam in Seizures

A

40mg/kg IV

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16
Q

Propofol induction dose in seizures

A

2.5mg/kg induction dose
1-3mg/kg/hr infusion

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17
Q

What is the most commonly used maintenance fluid?

A

0.9% Saline with 5% glucose
+/- 20mmol KCL
(Not if patient hypernatremic

If hypernatraemic then use 0.45% saline with 5% glucose +/- 20mmol KCL

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18
Q

What is the dosing of maintenance fluids per day?

A

100ml/kg for the 1st 10kg
50ml/kg for the 2nd 10kg
20ml/kg for every subsequent kg

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19
Q

What is the dose of IV Calcium in paeds

A

0.1mmol/kg
or 0.5mls/kg (2.2mmols in 10mls)

Hyperkalaemia, hypocalcaemia

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20
Q

What is the dose of insulin/dextrose in paeds for hyperkalaemia?

A

5ml/kg 10% glucose
with 0.05units/kg/h actrapid

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21
Q

What is the dose of sodium bicarbonate in paeds?

A

1-2mmol/kg IV
Each ml contains 84mg HCO3- or 1mmol, so 100mls = 8400mg and 100mmol’s

Hyperkalaemia, severe acidosis etc

22
Q

What is the fluid bolus dose in trauma situations?

A

More conservative 10mls/kg

23
Q

What is the dose of Tranexamic acid in severe haemorrhage?

A

15mg/kg

24
Q

What is the dose of Adenosine for SVT? which populations are more at risk?

A

150mcg/kg IV initial to max 500mcg/kg or 12mg (whichever is lower)

Post cardiac transplant patients and those on dipyridamole (antiplatelet agent) are much more sensitive and should start with 1/4 the dose

25
Q

What is the dose of IM adrenaline in Anaphylaxis?

A

<6yo = 150mcg
6-12 = 300mcg
>12 = 500mcg

26
Q

What is the dose of Nebulised adrenaline in severe Croup?

A

400mcg/kg (0.4mls/1:1000) to max 5mg as single dose, repeat 30mins

27
Q

What is the dose of Alprostadil in duct dependent congenital heart defects?

A
  • Consider initial 50-100ng/kg bolus
  • 5-20 nanograms/kg/min
  • AKA 0.05mcg/kg/min increasing to max 20 nanograms/kg/min

Side effects include apnoea (10%), fever (15%), flushing, bradycardia and seizures

If giving Alprostadil often need to intubate as well

28
Q

What is the dose of Amiodarone in cardiac arrest?

A

5mg/kg over 3mins slow push

29
Q

What is the dose of Atropine pre-anaesthetic induction?

A

10-20mcg/kg to max 600mcg as single dose, repeated as necessary

30
Q

What is the dose of Dantrolene in malignant hyperthermia?

A

2-3mg/kg boluses with repeat to max dose 10mg/kg

31
Q

What is the dose of desferrioxamine inj acute iron poisoning?

A

IV 15mg/kg/hr but max 80mg/kg/day, need to down titrate rate after 4hrs

32
Q

What is the dose of Dobutamine in low cardiac output shock?

A

5mcg/kg/min in neonates/paeds as starting dose
increase to max 20mcg/kg/min in neonates and 40mcg/kg/min in older children

33
Q

What is the dose of Dopamine in low cardiac output shock?

A

5-20mcg/kg/min (neonates start 3mcg/kg/min and titrate up)

34
Q

What is the dose of Flumazenil in benzodiazepine overdose?

A

10mcg/kg to max dose 50mcg/kg
Max total dose >12yo is 2mg

35
Q

What is the dose of IM glucagon in hypoglycaemia (when unable to give IV glucose)?

A

<25kg is 500mcg
>25kg is 1mg
Not recommended in neonates

36
Q

What is the dose of IV/IO hydrocortisone in anaphylaxis and acute asthma?

A

2.5-4mg/kg to max dose single dose 300mg, QID

37
Q

What is the dose of nebulised Ipratropium in severe acute asthma?

A

25mcg/kg to max single dose 500mcg
Repeat 20-30mins

MDI 4 puffs <6yo, 8 puffs >6yo Q20-30mins

38
Q

What is the dose of Magnesium Sulfate in severe hypomagnesaemia, TdP and Severe asthma?

A

25-50mg/kg or 0.1-0.2mmol/kg
or 0.1ml/kg of 50% Mag Sulf

39
Q

What is the dose of Mannitol in raised ICP?

A

250-500mg/kg
or 1.25-2.5mls/kg of 20% solution
IV TDS/QID PRN

40
Q

What is the dose of Naloxone in opioid overdose?

A

100mcg/kg to max bolus dose 2mg
IV infusion 5-20mcg/kg/hr

41
Q

What is the dose of Salbutamol in severe asthma?

A

6 puffs <6yo MDI, 12 puffs >6yo
Neb 2.5-5mg

IV 5-15mcg/kg max 250mcg bolus
then IV infusion 1-5mcg/kg/min

42
Q

What is the dose of hypertonic saline 3% in raised ICP

A

3-5mls/kg IV
over 15mins, titrated to Na+ of 145-155

43
Q

What is the dose for ketamine during induction?

A

0.5 - 2mg/kg IV
More likely to cause hypotension than in adults

44
Q

What is the dose of rocuronium during airway management

A

1.2 - 1.6mg/kg IV

45
Q

What is the dosing of Adrenline nebs in airway obstructions

A

5mg neb every 15-20mins

46
Q

What is the typical starting dose of Adrenaline infusions in paeds?

A

0.1mcg/kg/min IV

47
Q

What is the dose of potassium (K+) in hypokalaemia?

A

IV- 0.2 - 0.4mmol/kg/hr

PO- 2mmols/kg max 20mmols per dose
1 chlorvescent tab is 14mmols

48
Q

What is the dosing of Aciclovir in encephalitis?

A

500mg/m2
or 20mg/kg to 12yrs
10mg/kg >12yrs

49
Q

What is the conversion of mls/kg/hr to mcg/kg/min with dilute peripheral adrenaline?

A

1mg diluted into 1000mls
1mcg/ml

Starting dose
5mls/kg/hr = 0.1mcg/kg/min

10kg child = 50mls/hr = 10mcg/min
50kg child = 250mls/hr = 50mcg/min

50
Q

What is the dosing of Atropine for bradycardia and intubation prophylaxis?

A

10-20mcg/kg, max 40mcg

Paediatrics (21 decks)

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