Resuscitation

Question 1

What is a cardiac arrest?

Answer 1

The absence of signs of life:
-unresponsive
-Not breathing
-No pulse

the heart has stopped

Question 2

Common causes of a cardiac arrest

Answer 2

-coronary artery disease
-Acute Myocardial infraction
-Cardiomyopathy
congenital heart disease
-heart valve disease
-acute myocarditis

conditions or trauma resulting in
-Hypeovolaemia and/or hypoxia

Question 2

common causes of a cardiac arrest - Paediatric

Answer 2

-Upper and Lower airway disease
-Upper airway obstruction
-Respiratory Depression
-Prolonged convulsions, head injury, poisoning & overdose

-congenital heart defect

Question 3

Cardiac arrest risk factors

Answer 3

-family history
-smoking
-sedentary lifestyle
-poor diet
-diabetes
-obesity
-hypertension
increased and prolonged stress

Question 4

Chain of Survival

Answer 4

-Recognise
-Call 000
-CPR
-Defibrillate
-Ambulance
-Hospital

Question 5

Traumatic Cardiac Arrest

Answer 5

Where trauma is the likely cause of cardiac arrest, prioritise control of major haemorrhage over all other interventions.

Question 6

CPR, method

Answer 6

-Rate of 100-120 compressions/min
-Ratio 30 compressions & 2 breaths
-Depth of 5cm (1/3 chest depth)
-Full recoil
_change over every 2 minutes
-minimise interruptions to CPR (hover hands)

Question 7

defibrillator safety, prior to use

Answer 7

-ensure pads are in date
-do not place pads over pacemaker or medication patches
-trim excess hear with shears

Question 8

defibrillator safety, paediatric mode

Answer 8

<8yr old or <25kg

Question 9

defibrillator pads, small child

Answer 9

one pad on front, one on the back

Question 10

defibrillator, no shock advised

Answer 10

Immediately resume CPR for 2 minutes

Question 11

Triple airway manoeuvre

Answer 11

Head tilt, Chin lift, Jaw thrust

Question 12

HP CPR, breathing

Answer 12

-LMA( I gel) 15 compressions to 1 ventilation
-OPA (BVM) 30:2

Question 13

Paediatric Resuscitation

Answer 13

-OPA if <12yrs old

-15compressions: 2 breaths, kids cardiac arrest usually due to low oxygen

-if pulse less than 60(infants) or 40(children), commence chest compressions as heart rate inadequate

Question 14

Return of Spontaneous Circulation

Answer 14

• monitor and record vital signs frequently(15 minutely minimum)
  -if patient deteriorates, return to primary assessment
  -modify management as required
  -update ESTA dispatch/ hospital/ backup as required