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NBE Mortuary Extra to Study > Restudy NBE Science > Flashcards

Restudy NBE Science Flashcards

Alisia based QUESTIONS

1
Q

Which of the following are supplemental germicides often added to some arterial fluids:

A

both quaternary ammonium compounds and glutaraldehyde

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2
Q

Spilled formaldehyde can be treated with ___ to produce a harmless product that can be easily disposed of. This can be a standard procedure for neutralizing major spills.

A

ammonia

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3
Q

Deamination and decarboxylation occur simultaneously during

A

putrefaction

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4
Q

Which of the following are characteristics of organic compounds?

A

their molecular structure is carbon based

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5
Q

Esters of glycerol with fatty acids are:

A

fats

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6
Q

The solvent which will dissolve nonpolar materials like grease and oil is:

A

Benzene

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7
Q

A substance that is capable of bringing about a reduction in the surface tension of a fluid:

A

surfactant

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8
Q

Which of these substances is NOT derived from the decomposition of proteins?

A

Carbon monoxide

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9
Q

What is the freezing point of water?

A

0 degrees Fahrenheit

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10
Q

When ammonia combines with formaldehyde based substances, it forms a neutral compound known as:

A

urotropin

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11
Q

Which of the following are employed in embalming formulations as surfactants:

A

both sodium lauryl sulfate and sulfonates

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12
Q

Which of the following are reactions associated with formaldehyde?

A

1-exists in water as methylene glycol
2- is prevented from polymerization to paraformaldehyde by the presence of methanol
3-preserves amino acids without coagulation
4-denatures, preserves and coagulates proteins

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13
Q

The conversion of bilirubin to biliverdin:

A

1 - is an oxidation/reduction reaction (formaldehyde is oxidized, bilirubin is reduced)
2 - is more likely when high index solutions of HCHO are used
4 - is undesirable because the body turns a green color

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14
Q

The family of elements which are often used as disinfectants is ___.

A

Halogens

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15
Q

The passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane from an area of lesser concentration to an area of higher concentration is:

A

Osmosis

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16
Q

Which of the following classes of compound is formed by the partial oxidation of a primary alcohol:

A

Aldehyde

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17
Q

Eosin is used in embalming fluids as a ___.

A

Dye

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18
Q

In arterial fluids, glycols act as:

A

humectants

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19
Q

What is the basic unit (parent structure) of all aromatic compounds?

A

Benzene

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20
Q

Which region of a protein molecule is acted upon by formaldehyde in the preservation reaction?

A

the peptide bond

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21
Q

Emulsified oil used as a humectant and to give a soft texture to skin:

A

Lanolins

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22
Q

Which of the following is used only as a filler in autopsy chemical mixtures?

A

Perlite

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23
Q

A solution created with water as the solvent is said to be

A

aqueous

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24
Q

Citrates and oxalates are usually added to embalming fluids to act as:

A

anticoagulants

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25
Q

The pattern of pH change in an unembalmed body after death is:

A

maintaining a steady pH = 7.3

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26
Q

Reaction of an acid with a base is called the ___ reaction.

A

neutralization

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27
Q

The splitting apart of a compound by water is called

A

hydrolysis

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28
Q

The pattern of pH change in an unembalmed body after death is:

A

pH 7.3 to more acidic then change to alkaline

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29
Q

An aqueous solution uses __________ as the vehicle.

A

Water

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30
Q

Another name for methyl alcohol is

A

wood alcohol

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31
Q

Which of the following solutions contain the most solute per-volume of solvent?

A

Supersaturated

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32
Q

Which of these chemical agents is a member of the quaternary ammonium compound family?

A

Benzalkonium chloride

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33
Q

The percentage by weight of formaldehyde in formalin is:

A

37%

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34
Q

The scientific term which means that a solution has dissolved all the solute particles it possibly can at that temperature is:

A

Saturated

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35
Q

Mercuric chloride is

A

prohibited by law

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36
Q

Water, when used in embalming fluids, is used as a:

A

Vehicle

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37
Q

What is benzaldehyde used for in embalming fluids?

A

Deoderant

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38
Q

Readings of 6.9 and below on the pH scale indicate the sample is:

A

Acidic

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39
Q

Complete oxidation of a hydrocarbon yields:

A

carbon dioxide and water

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40
Q

If a solution is acid, its pH will be:

A

below 7

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41
Q

The temperature and pressure at which a solid turns into a liquid is

A

Melting Point

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42
Q

Simple sugars are referred to as ________ because of their chemical structure.

A

monosaccharides

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43
Q

The products of the Neutralization Reaction are:

A

a salt and water

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44
Q

Which of these describes protein molecules?

A

many amino acids linked together

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45
Q

A solution in which more solute can still be dissolved at a given temperature is:

A

Unsaturated

46
Q

Water of high mineral content, such as hard water, tends to:

A

promote blood clotting

47
Q

When embalming a jaundice case, production of biliverdin is prevented by using ___ as the preservative chemical in the injection solution.

A

glutaraldehyde

48
Q

Identify the true solution from this list.

A

Formalin

49
Q

How many carbon atoms are there in a molecule of Benzaldehyde?

A

7

50
Q

The process by which small solute molecules may pass through a membrane but large solute particles are retained by that membrane is called:

A

dialysis

51
Q

An object with a specific gravity of less than one, when placed in water, will

A

Float

52
Q

The total amount of formaldehyde required to preserve all of the protein in the body is:

A

the formaldehyde demand

53
Q

Formaldehyde in water in a closed system such as an embalming fluid bottle, actually exists as:

A

Methylene Glycol - HCHO + H₂0> CH₂(OH)₂

54
Q

Which of these reactions produces a hazardous gas?

A

bleach and formaldehyde

55
Q

Which of these compounds is an inorganic acid when dissolved in water?

A

HCI

56
Q

Substances that can be decomposed or separated into singular substances are:

A

Compounds

57
Q

Identify the inorganic base from this list (all numbers are subscripts):

A

LiOH

58
Q

Solutions that have the same osmotic pressure are said to be:

A

isotonic

59
Q

The action that formaldehyde has on proteins is:

A

reversible in the presence of an abundance of water.

60
Q

The density’ of an object divided by the density of water is:

A

specific gravity

61
Q

Currently, the most often used preservative used in injected embalming solutions is:

A

methanal

62
Q

The greater portion of a solution is the ___.

A

Solvent

63
Q

The cross linking that takes place between protein molecules in embalmed tissue occurs between ________ in adjacent molecules.

A

nitrogen atoms

64
Q

Those fluids that are employed at the same time as the preservative chemicals:

A

co-injection

65
Q

Theoretically, the complete reduction of the compound formaldehyde would produce?

A

methane

66
Q

Benefitting of 1 organism without affecting the other

A

Commensalism

67
Q

The presence of certain bacteria inhibiting the growth of others

A

Antagonism

68
Q

The association of certain species to accomplish harmful or beneficial results

A

Synergism

69
Q

A mutually beneficial but necessary arrangement between bacterium

A

Mutualism

70
Q

Mutually advantageous

A

Symbiosis

71
Q

A hereditary disease of exocrine glands, especially affecting the pancreas and respiratory system with occlusion, infections, and cyst formation is:

A

cystic fibrosis

72
Q

The escape of blood from the vascular system is called

A

hemorrhage

73
Q

Acute diffuse inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue describes

A

phlegmon

74
Q

The prefix “cyto” means

A

Cell

75
Q

Myoma is

A

benign muscle tissue

76
Q

The chronic narrowing of the lumen of the esophagus is called:

A

stenosis

77
Q

The name for the chronic end-stage liver disease where in functional cells of the liver are replaced by a lower form of cells is:

A

cirrhosis

78
Q

Of the following locations, thrombi would likely be found in the

A

heart

79
Q

A malignant neoplasm composed of fatty connective tissue is called

A

liposarcoma

80
Q

The reaction of tissue to an irritant is called

A

inflammation

81
Q

A marked increase in the number of red blood cells is a condition referred to as

A

erythrocytosis

82
Q

What disease is caused by Francisella tularensis?

A

rabbit fever

83
Q

Clostridrium perfringens causes

A

tissue gas

84
Q

This enzyme is often referred to as “the spreading factor”?

A

hyaluronidase

85
Q

What is the classification for the disease poliomyelitis?

A

neurotropic

86
Q

What is an infection of the blood with actual growth and multiplication of pathogens in the blood?

A

septicema

87
Q

Gas gangrene and tissue gas is caused by

A

Clostridium perfringens

88
Q

Vaccination with cowpox virus will produce an immunity to:

A

Variola

89
Q

What part of the body is affected by encephalitis?

A

the brain

90
Q

A bacterium which has had its virulence reduced is said to be

A

attenuated

91
Q

Acetone is a solvent which is in the family of organic compounds called ___.

A

Ketones

92
Q

NOT important in determining the shelf-life of an arterial fluid?

A

Cost of Fluid

93
Q

The function of glycerol in embalming fluids is:

A

humectant

94
Q

The process used to separate colloidal solutes from crystalloidal solutes is

A

dialysis

95
Q

NOT correct about accessory fluids?

A

they are added to the tank of the injection machine

96
Q

Paraformaldehyde is formaldehyde in a:

A

Solid State

97
Q

Which of the following will not have any effect on the solubility of a given solvent?

A

capacity of the container

98
Q

Which of the following compounds is formed from the partial oxidation of an aldehyde?

A

Carboxylic Acid

99
Q

A protein compound that acts as a biological catalyst in chemical reactions is

A

an enzyme

100
Q

In organic chemistry, the best formula for indicating the location of the various substituants in the compound is the:

A

structural formula

101
Q

If the body has road tar that must be removed, which of the following solvents would work best?

A

Propanone
Dimethyl Ketone
Acetone

(These are all the names for the same)

102
Q

What type of substance is embalming fluid?

A

A mixture

103
Q

Formaldehyde reacts with the ___ portion of protein molecules in the preservation process.

A

Peptide Bond

104
Q

Adipocere is a derivative of:

A

Body Fats

105
Q

Formaldehyde coagulates this compound because unlike the others listed it contains Nitrogen:

A

Protein

106
Q

The substance that an enzyme acts upon is:

A

substrate

107
Q

The by-products of the hydrolysis of fats are:

A

fatty acids and glycerol

108
Q

Borax is used in an arterial fluid as a:

A

Buffer

109
Q

Adipocere is chemically most similar to

A

Soap

110
Q

The partial oxidation of wood alcohol yields

A

formaldehyde

111
Q

These compounds break down large fat globules into small droplets to increase the surface area of the fat so that it can be more easily digested or washed away.

A

emulsifying agents

NBE Mortuary Extra to Study (4 decks)

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