Restrictive & Obstructive Lung Diseases Flashcards
Decreased Lung Compliance
increased transpulmonary gradient needed just to expand the lungs
Six classic signs often indicate and are consistent with RLD
Tachypnea Hypoxemia Alteration in breath sounds on auscultation Decrease in lung volumes/capacities Decreased diffusing capacity Cor Pulmonale
what are 3 ways Dlco or diffusion capacity can decrease?
widening of interstitial spaces due to scar tissue
fibrosis of capillaries
ventilation-perfusion abnormalities
3 symptoms associated with RLD
Dyspnea
dry non-productive cough
wasted emaciated appearance
5 ways to treat RLD
antibiotics promote adequate ventilation supplemental oxygen prevent accumulation of pulmonary secretions nutritional support
pathological changes which occur during obstructive lung diseases (4)
increased mucus production/impaired secretion
inflammation of mucosal lining of bronchi/bronchioles
mucosal thickening
spasm of broncial smooth muscle
what 2 alterations in airflow come about during OLD?
narrowing of broncial lumen
loss of normal elastic recoil of lung tissue
2 signs of OLD which are shared with RLD
3 other unique signs of OLD
hypoxemia, cor pulmonale
increase production/impaired clearance of mucus
pulmonary hypertension, polycythemia
4 sympsoms of OLD
chronic cough
expectoration of mucus
wheezing
dyspnea on exertion
how are bronchi/airways classified as “obstructed”
if they have cartilage must be greater than 2mm in diameter
if they dont have cartilage their walls must be less than 2mm in diameter
vital capacity is decreased by how much by the time your 70?
25%
Pulmonary Fibrosis occurs due to what?
inflammation of the alveolar wall that leads to distortion of lung architecture
Pulmonary Fibrosis pahtophysiology
inflammatory and fibrotic changes throughout capillary network
