restless earth

Question 1

the andes location

Answer 1

west coast of south america

oceanic nazca plate and continental south american plate

Question 2

uses of the andes

Answer 2

farming - fertile land in low areas, alpacas farmed to produce cloth
mining - yanacocha gold mine in peru - biggest gold mine in the world
HEP - yuncan dam project dams rivers in the andes
tourism - inca trail in peru - 43km

Question 3

adaptations in the andes

Answer 3

llamas used to transport things - good with steep slopes
subsistence farming as travel is difficult
farming on terraces to avoid soil slipping and nutrients being lost
farming animals on higher land as it is useless for crops

Question 4

cause of mount pinatubo eruption

Answer 4

philippines plate submerged under eurasian plate

Question 5

primary impacts of mount pinatubo eruption (2)

Answer 5

over 350 people died

8000 houses destroyed and 75000 damaged

Question 6

secondary impacts of mount pinatubo eruption (2)

Answer 6

200,000 people left homeless

disease breaking out in evacuation camps brought the total death toll to 722

Question 7

immediate responses of mount pinatubo eruption (2)

Answer 7

200,000 people re-located

oxfam, action aid and red cross donated food and blankets to evacuation camps

Question 8

long term responses of mount pinatubo eruption (2)

Answer 8

houses built on stilts to avoid lahars

overseas filipino workers donated clothes

Question 9

cause of indian ocean tsunami

Answer 9

destructive plate boundary in the indian ocean caused an earthquake of 9.1 on the richter scale

Question 10

impacts of indian ocean tsunami (5)

Answer 10

20 countries affected inc. sri lanka, india, indonesia and thailand
230,000 people died or are still missing
entire villages destroyed - 1.7 million people lost their homes
saltwater caused soil infertility
fishermen lost their livelihoods and tourism declined

Question 11

immediate responses to indian ocean tsunami (2)

Answer 11

within days, hundreds of millions of pounds were pledged by foreign governments and charities for food and shelter
foreign countries sent soldiers and ships to help rescue people

Question 12

long term responses to indian ocean tsunami (3)

Answer 12

programmes were set up to the build houses
a tsunami warning system was put in place
disaster management plans were put in place

Question 13

cause of haiti earthquake

Answer 13

conservative plate margin - north american plate and caribbean plate
7.0 on richter scale

Question 14

preparation for haiti earthquake (5)

Answer 14

no preparation
limited services and healthcare before earthquake
no action plans
poor quality buildings
had been no EQ in living memory

Question 15

primary impacts of haiti earthquake (3)

Answer 15

230,000 people killed and 300,000 injured
180,000 homes destroyed due to ground shaking
5000 schools damaged/destroyed

Question 16

secondary impacts of haiti earthquake (4)

Answer 16

1 in 5 people lost jobs due to buildings destroyed
1.5 million people left homeless
total damage - $11.5 billion
country still devastated after a year

Question 17

immediate responses to haiti earthquake (3)

Answer 17

810,000 people placed in aid camps
search and rescue teams were flown in from MEDCs
local people made up the majority of rescuing

Question 18

long term responses to haiti earthquake (3)

Answer 18

world bank pledged $1 million
thousands of people emigrated to other countries
temporary schools were created and new teachers were trained

Question 19

cause of japan earthquake

Answer 19

destructive plate margin - philippene plate and eurasian plate
7.2 on Richter scale

Question 20

preparation for japan earthquake (3)

Answer 20

strongly constructed buildings
well organised emergency services
200 seismographs

Question 21

primary impacts of japan earthquake (3)

Answer 21

35,000 people injured
6434 people died
buildings and bridges collapsed despite their earthquake-proof design

Question 22

secondary impacts of japan earthquake (3)

Answer 22

300,000 homeless
fires engulfed the city when the gas mains fractured
companies such as Panasonic had to close temporarily

Question 23

immediate responses to Japan earthquake (2)

Answer 23

major retailers provided supplies for people

rubble was cleared and buildings in central areas were repaired

Question 24

long term responses to japan earthquake (3)

Answer 24

annual earthquake drills
new buildings built further apart to prevent domino effect
emergency response procedures improved