Responses to cell and tissue injury

Question 1

What are the two types of injury that cause cell death?

Answer 1

sublethal injury

lethal injury

Question 2

What is sublethal injury?

Answer 2

caused by hydropic change or fatty change

Question 3

What is lethal injury?

Answer 3

cell is filled with fluid and eventually bursts

Question 4

What are the longterm causes of cell death?

Answer 4

autophagy

atrophy

Question 5

What is autophagy?

Answer 5

cell downsizing by eating itself

Question 6

What is atrophy?

Answer 6

cell losing tissue size and number

Question 7

What are the mechanisms of cell death?

Answer 7

necrosis

apoptosis

Question 8

What are the 5 types of necrosis?

Answer 8

coagulative 
colliquative 
fibrinoid
gangrenous 
causeous

Question 9

What 3 groups can cells be divided into?

Answer 9

labile - blood, skin, gut
stable - liver, kidney
permanent - neurones, skeletal muscle

Question 10

What happens when a skin incision is healed by first intension?

Answer 10

incision is joined by a layer of fibrin and then collagen

Question 11

What happens when a skin incision is healed by second intention?

Answer 11

the incision is filled with granulation tissue and a small scar is left

Question 12

What are examples of systemic factors that influence wound healing?

Answer 12

age 
nutrition 
metabolic status 
circulatory status 
hormones

Question 13

What are examples of local factors that influence wound healing?

Answer 13

infection
mechanical factors
foreign bodies

Question 14

What is organisation in wound healing?

Answer 14

repair of specialised tissue by formation of a scar