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Microbiology > Respiratoty Bacterial Diseases 🦠 > Flashcards

Respiratoty Bacterial Diseases 🦠 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What’s the division of the respiratory system?

A

Upper and Lower respiratory tract

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2
Q

Which part of the respiratory system that the infection are more dangerous in it ?

A

The lower respiratory tract

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3
Q

Which part of the respiratory system that can be difficult to treat of infection ?

A

The lower respiratory tract

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4
Q

True or false?

The lower respiratory tract is continuously exposed to potential pathogens

A

False , the upper respiratory tract *

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5
Q

Which parts of the respiratory system is sterile?

A

The lower respiratory tract

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6
Q

What’s is the laryngitis?

A

Swelling and irritation ( inflammation) of the voice box , associated with hoarseness or loss of voice.

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7
Q

What’s the four microorganisms that causes laryngitis?

A
  • Haemophilus influenzae
  • streptococcus pneumonia
  • fungal
  • viral
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8
Q

What’s the meaning of epiglottis?

A

Inflammation of the cartilage that cover the trachea (windpipe)

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9
Q

What’s the four microorganisms that cause epiglottis?

A
  • streptococcus pneumonia
  • streptococcus pyogenes
  • haemophilus infuenzae
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10
Q

What’s the meaning of otitis media ?

A

General term for infection or inflammation of the ear-fluid/exudates / pus in the middle ear

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11
Q

Which microorganisms causes of the otitis media ?

A
  • streptococcus pyogenes
  • streptococcus pneumonia
  • haemophilus influenzas
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12
Q

What’s the three areas that connects to the nasopharynx?

A

1-middle ear
2-sinuses
3-mastoid cavity

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13
Q

What’s the meaning of the mastoiditis?

A

Inflammation of mastoid cavity , uncommon but very dangerous because it’s close to nervous system and large blood vessels

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14
Q

What’s the meaning of the sinuses ?

A

Inflammation of the sinuses and the upper respiratory tract and nasal passages

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15
Q

What’s the most common causative of the sinuses ?

A
  • streptococcus pneumonia
  • streptococcus pyogenes
  • haemophilus influenzae
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16
Q

Which microorganism can cause pharyngitis?

A

-streptococcus pygenes ( group A beta streptococci)

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17
Q

Give information about the causative of the pharyngitis?

A

Streptococcus pygenes :
-it contains M protein which inhibits phagocytosis
and
-Produces pyrogenic toxin which cause the symptoms seen with pharyngitis

  • it can cause—-> scarlet fever and toxic shock syndrome and abscesses on the tonsils
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18
Q

True or false?

Streptococcus pyogenes is ; gram positive, grow on blood agar , group A , beta haemolysis, clear wide zone of haemolysis.

A

True

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19
Q

Scarlet fever caused by ?

A

Group A streptococci ( streptococcus pyogenes )

20
Q

What’s the symptoms of the scarlet fever ?

A
  • tiny bumps on the chest and abdomen
  • redder in the armpit and groin
  • strawberry tongue
  • can spread over entire body
  • rash lasts 2-5 days
21
Q 
These symptoms belong to ?
-very sore throat with yellow or white papules 
-fever of 101 F or higher
-lymphadenopathy in neck 
Headache , body aches , nausea
A

Scarlet fever

22
Q

Child 13 years old has rash and tiny bumps on the chest and abdomen with redder in armpits and groin , strawberry tongue

What’s the disease?

A

Scarlet fever causes by streptococcus pyogenes

23
Q

What’s the treatment of the scarlet fever?

A

Penicillin

24
Q

If the patient of the scarlet fever have penicillin allergic what’s the alternative treatment?

A

Erythromycin and azithromycin

25
Q

True or false?

Haemophilus influenzae small gram positive rods or coccobacilli , grow in chocolate agar .

A

False, gram negative

26
Q

True or false?

The Ampicillin drug for treatment of haemophilus influenzae effective 100% for all strains ?

A

False, 25% may be resistant due to production of beta lactamase ( plasmid mediated)

27
Q

True or false?

Haemophilus influenzae showing Chinese latter writings

A

False, corynebacterium diphtheria

28
Q

Corynebacterium diphtheria and haemophilus influenzae are both gram positive?

A

No

29
Q

What’s the mcleod’s medium ?

A

Blood agar contains potassium tellurite.

30
Q

Which microorganisms that cause Diphtheria ?

A

carynebacterium diphtheria

31
Q

True or false?

Corynebacterium can invade the blood stream ?

A

False

Do not invade

32
Q

What’s the symptoms of diphtheria?

A

Paralysis and myocardium degeneration due to exotoxins

33
Q

How C.diphtheria act ?

A

Inhibit of protein synthesis

34
Q

True or false?

The toxin of streptococcus pyogenes has a special affinity for heart muscle, adrenal cells and nerve cells.

A

False, C.diphtheria

35
Q

The C.diphtheria could be life threatening ?

A

Yes

36
Q

Which vaccines can be use for diphtheria disease ?

A

DPT vaccination

37
Q

What’s the type of the bacteria pneumonia?

A
  • nosocomial

- community acquired

38
Q

Which bacteria related to nosocomial pneumonia?

A
  • streptococcus aureus

- klebsiella pneumonia

39
Q

Which bacteria related to community required pneumonia?

A

-streptococcus pneumonia

40
Q

Which type of bacteria pneumonia related to these symptoms ?

-fever, chest pain , purulnt sputum

A

Community required pneumonia, streptococcus pneumonia

41
Q

True or false ?

Streptococcus pneumonia ——>gram positive diplococci ( polysaccharide capsule)

A

True

42
Q

Give examples of two bacteria that have Alfa haemolytic and beta haemolytic.

A

Alfa haemolytic : streptococcus pneumonia

beta haemolytic: streptococcus pyogenes

43
Q

True or false?

Viridans strept —->diplococci, have capsule and resistant

A

False, Viridans strept —->chains or cocci, don’t have capsule and resistant

Pneumococci—->diplococci, have capsule and sensitive

44
Q

What’s tha prophylaxis of the pneumococci?

A

Polyvalent vaccine

45
Q

What’s the treatment of the streptococcus pneumonia?

A

Penicillin G , erythromycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate

If it resistant strains ? Use vancomycin

46
Q

Which the two bacteria pneumonia have polysaccharide capsule?

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

Klebsiella pneumonia

47
Q

Talk about klebsiella pneumonia?

A

Gram negative rod with polysaccharide capsule, grow on ordinary media with large raised, moist, mucoid.

Pink lactose fermenting colonies on MacConkey’s agar

Microbiology (2 decks)

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