RESPIRATORY Vocabulary

Question 1

adenoids

Answer 1

Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils.

Question 2

alveolus (alveoli)

Answer 2

Air sac in the lung.

Question 3

apex of the lung

Answer 3

Tip of the lung (uppermost). Apex means the tip of a structure but it need not be at the top; it can be at the bottom.

Question 4

apical

Answer 4

pertaining to the apex

Question 5

base of the lung

Answer 5

Lower portion of the lunch; from the Greek word basis, which means foundation.

Question 6

basilar

Answer 6

located at or in the base

Question 7

bronchioles

Answer 7

Smallest branches of the bronchi.

Question 8

bronchus (bronchi)

Answer 8

Branch of the trachea (windpipe) that forms the passageway into the lung.

Question 9

carbon dioxide (CO2)

Answer 9

Gas produced by cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine. Gas is exhaled from the lungs.

Question 10

cilia

Answer 10

Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract. They clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung.

Question 11

diaphragm

Answer 11

Muscle separating the chest and abdomen. It contracts to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out.

Question 12

epiglottis

Answer 12

Cartilage that covers the larynx. Prevents food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing.

Question 13

expiration

Answer 13

Breathe out (exhale).

Question 14

glottis

Answer 14

Opening to the larynx; slit.

Question 15

hilum of the lung

Answer 15

Midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs. HILAR means at the hilum.

Question 16

inspiration

Answer 16

Breathe in (inhale)

Question 17

larynx

Answer 17

Voice box; contains the vocal cords.

Question 18

lobe

Answer 18

A division of the lungs.

Question 19

mediastinum

Answer 19

Region between the lungs in the chest cavity. Contains the trachea, heart, lymph nodes, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes.

Question 20

nares

Answer 20

Openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities.

Question 21

oxygen (O2)

Answer 21

Gas that makes up 21% of air. It passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells.

Question 22

palatine tonsil

Answer 22

One of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx.

Question 23

paranasal sinus

Answer 23

One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose.

Question 24

parietal pleura

Answer 24

Outer layer of the pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall.

Question 25

pharynx

Answer 25

Throat; including the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.

Question 26

pleura, pleurae

Answer 26

Double-layered membrane surrounding each lung.

Question 27

pleural cavity

Answer 27

Space between the folds of the pleura.

Question 28

pulmonary parenchyma

Answer 28

Essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli.

Question 29

respiration

Answer 29

Breathing; process of moving air in and out of the lungs.

Question 30

trachea

Answer 30

windpipe

Question 31

visceral pleura

Answer 31

Inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue.