Respiratory Viruses Flashcards
Rhinoviruses
Only replicates in URT Likes the cold Picornavirus family Small + RNA virus, naked Self-limiting, acid labile, transmitted by fomites and aerosols
Paramyxovirus
Acute infection w/ replication confined to mucosal surface Cytoplasmic replication neg sense RNA Enveloped Hemagglutin + neuraminase together
Adenovirus
Persistant replication on mucosal surface
Myxoviruses
Orthomyxovirdae & Paramyxovirus
Orthomyxoviridae
Nuclear replication
neg sense RNA
Enveloped
Influenza
Orthomyxoviridae
Segmented neg sense genome
Neuraminidase & hemagglutinin
A: variety of species, B & C only human
A: greater variability of surface glycoproteins
Vaccine only A & B - cytotoxic T cell unless nasal one
Paramyxoviruses in children
t
RSV
Don’t generate protective immunity against it
Most common cause bronchiolits & pneumonia under 1 year
Measles
Extremely infectious
Mortality highest in girls
Incubation before respiratory sx or rash
Pregnancy - abortion, low weight infants
Mumps
Into the blood and then into specific organs (parotid glands, liver, etc)
Adenovirus
Ds DNA virus, icosahedral, non-enveloped
Respiratory and eye infxns
Often asymptomatic
MERS
Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome
From camel - contact inhalation
Risk factors = immun. suppression
Viral Diagnostics
Cytopathic Effects
Positive Hemadsorption test - RBCs stick to infected cells (brown stain, not pure blue)
Can then add antibodies before RBCs and if blocks binding then know it is that virus
Then hemagglutination test to confirm that virus is the cause of current infection (antibodies present is a dot in the well)
Rubella
Envelope, pos RNA Togaviridae Respiratory spread Sx: Fever, rash, Maternal: if in first 3 months, can cause defects in eyes, ears, heart, brain, & other organs
ELISA vs Capture Elisa
Capture: coated with anti-human IgM/G, patient sample added, add virus, enzyme-linked anti-virus antigen Ab if present = color change
Regular: virus, patients ample, enzyme-linked anti-human Ab
