Respiratory Viruses Flashcards
What do they believe is the most common cause of croup?
parainfluenza virus
Is RSV common?
yes most kids are likely to be infected by age 2
What are the three most common causes of a cold?
- rhinovirus
- coronavirus
- influenza virus
Which virus is specifically adapted to the coolness of the upper airway?
rhinoviruses
Which virus have an infection pattern of: acute infection with replication confined to mucosal surface?
- picornavirus - rhinovirus
- coronavirus
- paramyxovirus - parainfluenza and RSV
- orthomyxovirus - influenza
What are three viruses that are known for their persistant replication?
EBV, adenovrius, papillomavirus
Which viruses are known to spread systemically?
- paramyxovirus - mumps, measles
- herpesviruses - EBV, VZV, HHV6, CMV
- Rubella
- picornavirus
What type of virus is a coronavirus?
(-) ssRNA
Most strains of coronavirus cause a cold, what do the rare new strains cause?
lethal respiratory diseases
SARS and MERS
What does “myxo” mean
mucus
What type of virus is influenza?
segmented (-) ssRNA
enveloped
Where does the influenza virus replicate?
in the nucleus
What type of virus is a paramyxovirus?
nonsegmented (-) ssRNA
Enveloped
where does the paramyxovirus replicate?
in the cytoplasm
What are the symptoms in the flu caused by?
dying epithelial cells, interferon, T cells
Do antibodies kill the virus?
no but they provide future protection
What are the antivirals for influenza called?
tamiflu and relenza
How many and what type of strains does the flu vaccine protect against?
3
- H1N1 -A
- H3N2 - A
- Yamagata - B
parainfluenza virus and RSV cause what disease?
croup
When do infections with parainfluenza virus peak?
in the winter months
What type of virus is the adenovirus?
icosahedral, naked, DNA
What are the three common sites of infection for the adenovirus?
GI tract, Respiratory tract, mucoepithelial
How is adenovirus spread?
aerosol, close contact, fecal oral, optho instruments
When does the adenovirus peak?
NOT seasonal - constant presence
Where are three environments that the adenovirus is notorious for infectiong?
day cares, military camps, swimming clubs
