Respiratory Training Flashcards
Inefficient breathing patterns cause increases in…
VE, VE/VO2 (above ventilatory threshold), VE/VCO2 (above RCP), breathing frequency, dead space ventilation
What is dead space ventilation?
Anatomic dead space: airways leading to alveoli (roughly 156+/- 28ml in males)
What is the O2 cost of increased ventilation?
O2 cost of exercise hypernea is a significant fraction of total VO2max
When working at 70% of VO2max, about 5% of total O2 is consumed
100% = 20% consumed
How can the work of breathing be measured?
Oesophageal balloons measure pressure in the lungs
Plot and larger the difference, higher the work of breathing (no direct measurement of O2 consumption)
How is max voluntary ventilation (MVV) measured?
Forcefully breathing into a bag (very different to ventilation during max exercise)
What did Romer et al., (2002) find in terms of respiratory muscle fatigue?
Analysed inspiratory mouth pressure following a 20km time-trial and athletes could not generate same pressures at 2, 10 or 30-mins post
What could be the reason for Romer et al., (2002)’s findings?
Either competition for blood-flow between locomotor and respiratory muscles or
Elevated acid milieu
What were Mador et al., (1991)’s findings?
Higher breathing frequency, higher total ventilation, more inefficient breathing (dead space ventilation), no change in tidal volume
What is the metaboreflex?
a “security system” made up of sensors/receptors sample the respiratory environment which may shut down blood flow to certain areas to ensure breathing muscles get the required O2
What is the aim and theory of training respiratory muscles?
Aim - load without premature fatigue
Theory - model of supercompensation
What is the recommended use of the powerbreathe for respiratory strength training?
2 x 30 breaths, 5-7 x per week for 6 weeks at 40% max inspiratory pressure
What is the recommended use of the spirotiger for endurance training?
30-minute session, 5 x per week for 6 weeks at 60-85% MVV
What is the lactate shuttle?
The movement of lactate intra- and inter- cellularly. Lactate can then be shuttled to adjacent or remote cells including the heart and active muscles
What are the main changes which occur following respiratory muscle training?
• Increase endurance time of muscles • Improvements in constant load tests • Post-exercise BLa decreases • Breathlessness decreases Benefits in both trained and untrained individuals
What are the benefits of respiratory muscles strength training?
- Improved function and diaphragm thickness
- Reduced RPE
- Whole body performance improves, shwn through incremental/TTE tests
- improved time trial performance