Respiratory Tract Infection

Question 1

Abx indicated in acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis if…

Answer 1

inc breathlessness
inc vol sputum
inc sputum purulence

Question 2

most common colonisers of LRT from URT…

Answer 2

h influenzae and s pneumoniae

Question 3

treatment of exacerbated chronic bronchitis

Answer 3

b lactam antibiotic - amoxicillin, tetracycline, macrolide eg. erythromycin

Question 4

Causes of exacerbated chronic bronchitis

Answer 4

!!! - h influenzae
!! - m cattarhalis
!- s pneumoniae

Question 5

commonest pneumonia pathogens

Answer 5

h influenzae and s pneumoniae

Question 6

requires haemin and NAD for growth

Answer 6

h influenzae

Question 7

more in lung disease and smokers

Answer 7

h influenzae

Question 8

more in elderly/comprimised

Answer 8

s pneumoniae

Question 9

strep pneumoniae vaccine

Answer 9

pcv 13 and ppv23 - over 65s and kids

Question 10

20% beta lactamase positive

Answer 10

h influenzae

Question 11

causes meningitis and epiglottitis

Answer 11

h influenzae

Question 12

causes lobar and broncho pneumonia

Answer 12

s pneumoniae

Question 13

can cause empyema and meningitis

Answer 13

s pneumoniae

Question 14

alpha haemolytic, gram pos diplococcus

Answer 14

strep pneumoniae

Question 15

gram neg bacillus

Answer 15

h influenzae

Question 16

atypical pneumonias do not respond to…

Answer 16

penicillins/sulfonamides

Question 17

non productive cough, fever, headache, non specific viral symptoms, non lobar patchy cxr looking worse than expected

Answer 17

atypical pneumonia

Question 18

lacks peptidoglycan cell wall, resistant to beta lactams

Answer 18

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 19

assoc with air conditioning and travel

Answer 19

legionella pneumophila (within macrophages)

Question 20

detection of legionella

Answer 20

urine antigen

Question 21

treatment of legionella

Answer 21

macrolides/quinolones +/- rifampicin

Question 22

bird contact

Answer 22

chlamydophila pneumoniae (mild), chlamydophila psittaci (severe)

Question 23

causes Q fever

Answer 23

coxiella burnetii

Question 24

lung abcess microbes

Answer 24

staph aureus, pseudomonas, strep pyogenes, klebsiella pneumoniae (anaerobes)

Question 25

treatment of lung abcess

Answer 25

antibiotics 4-6 wks , drain pus

Question 26

pleural effusion/ empyema microbes

Answer 26

s pneumoniae
h influenzae
s aureus
strep pyogenes

Question 27

treatment of pleural effusion/ empyema

Answer 27

abx 2-4 wks, drainage