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Sport Science A2 > Respiratory System PT1 > Flashcards

Respiratory System PT1 Flashcards

1
Q

How does inspiration work?

A

Nose, nasal cavity & mouth warm, filter & moisten incoming air
Travels through throat to trachea. This branches into 2 bronchi
Air travels to bronchioles, lined with cilia
Air travels to alveolar sacs, containing alveoli
Diffusion occurs, o2 & co2 move between alveoli & red blood cells

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2
Q

How does the body inspire during rest?

A

External intercostal muscles contract gently pulling ribs up & out
• The diaphragm contracts pulling itself down
• Volume of chest cavity increases
• Air pressure drops – gas moves from high to low

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3
Q

How does the body expire during rest?

A

External intercostal muscles & diaphragm relax
• Ribs go back down & diaphragm moves up
• Pushes Co2 out of lungs & into air

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4
Q

How does the body inspire during exercise?

A

External intercostal muscles & diaphragm contract more forcefully
Aided by Sternocleidomastoid, scalenes & pectoralis minor
Volume of chest cavity increases further
Creates larger pressure gradient

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5
Q

How does the body expire during exercise?

A

External intercostal muscles relax
Aided by contraction of internal intercostals, sternocleidomastoid, external obliques & rectus adbominus to more forcibly expel gases from the lungs into air

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6
Q

What is the definition of Tidal Volume?

A

Volume inspired or expired per breath
Rest: 500ml
Exercise: Increase 3-4 litres

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7
Q

What is the definition of Inspiratory Reserve Volume?

A

Max volume inspired following end of inspiration at rest
Rest: 3100ml
Exercise: Decrease

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8
Q

What is the definition of Expiratory Reserve Volume?

A

Max volume expired following end of expiration at rest
Rest: 1200ml
Exercise: Decrease

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9
Q

What is the definition of residual volume?

A

Volume remaining in lungs at end of maximal expiration
Rest: 1200ml
Exercise: Same
RV = TLC - VC

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10
Q

What is the definition of Inspiratory Capacity?

A

Max volume of air inspired
Rest: 3600ml
Exercise: Increase
IC = TV +IRV

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11
Q

What is the definition of vital capacity?

A

Max volume of air forcibly expired following max inspiration
Rest: 5000ml
Exercise: Slight decrease
VC = IRV + TV + ERV

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12
Q

What is the definition of total lung capacity?

A

Volume of air in lungs following max inspiration
Rest: 6000ml approx
Exercise: Slight decrease
TLC = VC + RV

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13
Q

What is the definition of minute ventilation?

A

Volume of air inspired/expired per minute
Rest: 7500ml
Exercise: Dramatic Increase
MV = TV x Freq of breaths

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Sport Science A2 (11 decks)

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