Respiratory System Functions Quiz Flashcards
Oral Cavity
behind the oropharynx, on the sides of the inner walls of the cheeks, helps with eating and chewing
Pharynx
membrane-lined cavity behind the nose, connects the mouth to the esophagus
Nasopharynx
above the oropharynx, leads to the nasal cavity, connects nasal passage to the respiratory system
Oropharynx
passageway for food, water, and air
Laryngopharynx
leads to the larynx and esophagus
Larynx
“voice box,” breathing, swallowing, speaking
Vocal Cords
production of sound for speech
Epiglottis
protects the opening of the larynx
Glottis
opening of the larynx
Trachea
“windpipe,” conducts air from the larynx to the lungs
Tracheal Cartilage
keeps the lumen open
Bronchus
distributes air to the lungs, main airway
Lungs
process of gas exchange (respiration)
Bronchioles
small respiratory tubules with smooth muscle in the walls, comes after the bronchi
Respiratory Bronchiole
division of the bronchioles with alveoli attached to the walls
Alveoli
tiny air sacs
Diaphragm
contracts to pull air into the lungs
Explain the physical reason for the tremendous surface area of the lungs
millions of alveoli, lungs need the space to take in 6 liters of air per minute.
Distinguish between a bronchus, bronchi, bronchiole, and respiratory bronchiole
Bronchus: main airways, branch off into smaller and smaller airways
Bronchi: plural for bronchus
Bronchiole: smallest airways, leads to air sacs (alveoli)
Respiratory Bronchiole: final division of bronchioles
List 5 lobes of human lung
Right Superior Lobe
Right Medial Lobe
Right Inferior Lobe
Left Superior Lobe
Left Inferior Lobe
List 7 lobes of cat lung
Right Cranial
Right Medial
Right Caudal
Accessory
Left Cranial: caudal/cranial
Left Caudal
Explain the difference between internal and external respiration
Internal Respiration: exchange of gasses from internal environment, occurs in the lung tissue
External Respiration: exchange of gasses from external environment, occurs in the alveoli
