Respiratory System

Question 1

Functions of the respiratory system

Answer 1

1. pH regulation (CO2 + H2O- H2CO3- H+HCO3-
2. thermoregulation (heat loss thru breathing; evaporative water loss)
3. protection from disease and particulate matter (mucociliary escalator & alveolar macrophages)

Question 2

Types of zones of respiratory sys

Answer 2

1. Conducting zone

2. Respiratory zone

Question 3

Organs included in the conducting zone

Answer 3

1. nasal cavity
2. pharynx
3. larynx
4. trachea
5. bronchi
6. bronchiole

Question 4

Function of conducting zone

Answer 4

Air conduction

Question 5

Organs included in the respiratory zone

Answer 5

1. Respiratory bronchioles

- alveolar ducts + sacs= pulmonary capillaries= gas exchange

Question 6

Function of respiratory zone

Answer 6

gas exchange

Question 7

what parameter influences the conducting zone

Answer 7

bronchial diameter

a. decrease in diameter= increase in resistance= decrease in air flow
b. increase in diameter= decrease in resistance= increase in air flow

Question 8

Pulmonary blood flow

Answer 8

Cardiac output (CO) of the R-ventricle

Question 9

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 9

Pulmonary artery- pulmonary capillaries/alveoli capillaries- venules- pulmonary veins
(gas exchange)

Question 10

Cause of pulmonary edema

Answer 10

increase in left atrial pressure- increase in pressure in pulmonary capillaries- forces fluid out of the capillary into the surrounding lung tissue= pulmonary artery
*USUALLY under regular atrial pressure the pulmonary vein dilates and is able to accommodate excess blood