Respiratory System

Question 1

Mucous (nose)

Answer 1

keeps nasal cavity warm and humid

Question 2

Cilia (nose)

Answer 2

small hairs that line nose

Question 3

Hard palette

Answer 3

bone

Question 4

Soft palette

Answer 4

Muscle

Question 5

Pharynx

Answer 5

• Throat
  Nasopharynx - nasal portion
  Oropharynx - oral /mouth portion
  Laryngopharynx - Opening of larynx and oesophagus, contains epiglottis

Question 6

Larynx

Answer 6

Voice box
Short section of cartilage that connects pharynx and trachea
Contains vocal chords

Question 7

How to create volume

Answer 7

Push more air through the vocal cords

Question 8

How to create pitch

Answer 8

Changing tension and thickness of vocal cords

Question 9

Articulation

Answer 9

Use of tongue, lips, mouth, teeth to produce different sounds

Question 10

Trachea

Answer 10

Windpipe
surrounded by cartilaginous rings to prevent from collapsing
Mucous membranes collect dust and move up to be swallowed

Question 11

Bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 11

Trachea divides into two bronchi and bronchi divides into many smaller bronchioles

Question 12

Lungs structure

Answer 12

Covered by pleura (thin membrane) which reduces friction.
Superior lobe - upper parts
Middle lobe - middle section
Inferior lobe - lowest part
cardiac notch - ‘dent’ in left lung to allow room for heart

Question 13

Alveoli

Answer 13

Smaller tubules that batch off from bronchioles until reach these air sacs. Clustered in grape like bunches

Question 14

Diaphragm

Answer 14

Large flat muscle connected to the ribs at bottom of chest cavity

Question 15

Tidal volume

Answer 15

Amount of air that is exchanged by lungs at rest

Question 16

Inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 16

Additional amount of air that can be inhaled consciously

Question 17

Expiratory reserve volume

Answer 17

Additional amount of air that can be exhale consciously

Question 18

Residual volume

Answer 18

Amount of air in lungs after forced exhalation

Question 19

Vital capacity

Answer 19

Amount of air someone can consciously exchange with the environment

Question 20

Total lung capacity

Answer 20

Vital capacity + residual volume

This is about 6L in men and usually 10% less in females

Question 21

External respiration

Answer 21

Lung/gas exchange

Question 22

Internal respiration

Answer 22

tissue/gas exchange

Question 23

Characteristics that help with gas exchange

Answer 23

• Alveoli surrounded by capillaries

- Membrane of alveolus is very thin

Question 24

Movement/ cycle of respiration

Answer 24

Air
Mouth or Nose
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Blood
Cells

Question 25

Emphysema

Answer 25

A disease of the lungs that damages the alveoli; caused by long term exposure to irritants

Question 26

Lung Cancer

Answer 26

Growth of a tumour in the lungs

Question 27

Lung infections (e.g. pneumonia, tuberculosis…)

Answer 27

Sn infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or other organisms, spread by droplets.

Question 28

Asthma

Answer 28

An Allergic response to foreign substances that enter the body. Causes narrowing of the airways and difficulty breathing.