Respiratory System Flashcards
Name the 5 structures of the respiratory system
- airway
- lungs
- chest (thorax)
- diaphragm (sheet of muscle)
- pleura membrane
Name the fluid of the pleura membrane
Intra-pleural fluid
Darcy’s Law
DELTA P = Q.R
Q - flow rate
R - resistance
Inspiration (Intercostal muscle and diaphragm)
IM contract (rib cage goes up) Diaphragm goes down
Expiration (Intercostal muscle and diaphragm)
IM contract (rib cage goes down) Diaphragm goes up
P_ATM < P_LUNG
gas goes out of the lung
Total lung capacity
Residual volume + Vital capacity
Minute ventilation (ML/min)
tidal volume (ML/breath) x respiratory rate (breaths/min)
Blood vessel’s resistance is low
- Viscosity is low
- Pipes are short
- Big diameter
Compliance
Measure of how stretchy something is
The blood that comes from the tissues is ….. in O2 and ….. in CO2
low/high
Respiratory Quocient (RQ)
(CO2 out/min)/ (O2 in/min)
Average: 0.8
O2 and CO2 in inspired air:
PO2 = 152 mm Hg PCO2 = 0.3 mm Hg
O2 and CO2 in alveolar gas pressures:
PO2 = 105 mm Hg PCO2 = 40 mm Hg
O2 and CO2 in pulmonary veins and systemic arteries:
PO2 = 105 mm Hg PCO2 = 40 mm Hg
O2 and CO2 in the cells:
PO2 < 40 mm Hg
PCO2 > 46 mm Hg
O2 and CO2 in pulmonary arteries and systemic veins:
PO2 = 40 mm Hg PCO2 = 46 mm Hg
O2 and CO2 in expired air:
PO2 = 120 mm Hg PCO2 = 32 mm Hg
Why is the expired air higher in O2 and lower in CO2 than the air in the alveolar?
Because of dead space, the air that gets expired is a mixture of the air from the dead space and the air in the alveolar.
Oxygen for 1 L of arterial blood:
200 mL of oxygen
- 3 mL dissolved (solubality of O2 in water is low)
- 197 mL associated with hemaglobin
Where is the hemaglobin located?
In the red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes.
How many Fe atoms does a Hb molecule have?
4 Fe
What happens when all the Hb have 4O2?
The blood is saturated.
