Respiratory System Flashcards
The internal nares will open into the ___.
Nasopharynx
Which of the following is part of the upper respiratory tract?
Pharynx
The olfactory nerves pass through openings in the ____.
Cribriform plate
Most of the respiratory passage surface is lined with ___.
Pseudostratified epithelium
The tissue lining the alveoli is ____ epithelium.
Simple squamous
How many alveoli are there in an average adult lung?
300,000,000 (300 million)
Gas is exchanged in the alveoli by a process of ____.
Simple diffusion
What is the entrance into the lungs called?
Hilus
The pleural cavity is the space between the lung and ____.
Parietal pleura
Which of these is NOT a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
- emphysema
- asthma
- lung cancer
- bronchitis
Lung cancer
Which mechanism prevents over-infection of the lungs?
Hering-Breuer reflex
Which is the most common cause of hyperventilation?
Anxiety
Which is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?
Nitrogen
What is the normal PCO(sub)2(/sub) of the capillary blood?
45 mm Hg
What is the partial pressure of atmospheric oxygen?
160 mm Hg
Which functions can be attributed to the mucous membrane that lines the nasal cavity?
- Warms incoming air
- filters particles from incoming air
- moistens incoming air
The ______ cartilage(s) mark(s) the lower most portion of the larynx.
Cricoid
The true vocal cords are those that produce the sounds of the human voice. Where are these located?
Inferior to the false vocal cords
Thin-walled outpouchings of the alveolar ducts of the lungs are the ______.
Alveolar sacs
The primary force responsible for air moving into the lungs during inhalation is _____.
Atmospheric pressure
What is the properties of the mucous lining of the respiratory tract?
- warms incoming air
- contains cilia
- cleanses particles
What contains a sinus?
- frontal bone
- ethmoid
- sphenoid bone
Where are the palatine tonsils located?
Oropharynx
The true vocal cords move because they are attached to the _____ cartilage.
Arytenoid
C-shaped pieces of cartilage are found within the _____.
Trachea
The carina separates the _____ from each other.
Primary bronchi
There are _____ secondary bronchi?
5
The bronchioles enter the ____ of the lungs.
Lobules
The functional gas exchanging units are termed ____.
Alveoli
The relative amount of smooth muscle is highest in the ____.
Bronchioles
The main function of the pleural membranes is to ____.
Reduce friction
Atmospheric pressure is around _____ mmHg.
760
The movement of air within the respiratory system is correctly referred to as ____.
Ventilation
What prevents the alveoli from collapsing during exhalation?
Surfactant
The main force causing the exhalation of air is the ____.
Elastic recoil
During inspiration the intra-alveolar pressure reaches _____.
Don’t know which one
- 760 mmHg
- 758 mmHg
- 763 mmHg
- 730 mmHg
A pneumothorax occurs when the thoracic pleural pressure reaches around _____ mmHg.
760
