Chapter 20 Flashcards
The entrance into the kidney is called the ____.
Hilum
The kidneys are located in the ___space.
Retroperitoneal
What is the first to collect the urine?
Calyx
Each minor calyx receives urine from the ____.
Renal papillae
What blood vessel conveys blood out of the nephron?
Interlobular vein
Which blood vessels surround the loops of henle?
Vasa recta
Which process is most affected by blood pressure?
Glomerular filtration
Which are found in the glomerular filtrate?
Glucose
Uric acid
Creatinine
Which muscle metabolism waste product is eliminated by the kidneys?
Creatinine
Renal secretion of a compound usually occurs from the ___ into the distal convoluted tubule.
Peritubular capillaries
Which are usually secreted by the kidneys?
Creatinine
H(sup)+(/sup)
Penicillin
The compound used to assess the function of the kidney at the level of the glomerulus is ___.
Inulin
Which of these could appear in the urine from dieting or the utilization of excess lipids?
Ketone
Vigorous exercise could release high amounts of ___ into the urine.
Albumin
What causes urine to flow from the kidneys to the bladder?
Peristalsis
Juxtaglomerular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes ___ when ____.
Renin; blood pressure drops
Tubular reabsorption is responsible for retaining nutrients the body requires. Most tubular reabsorption occurs in the _____ where microvilli, and their numerous carrier proteins, increase the surface area available for reabsorption.
Proximal convoluted tubule
Why is the plant compound known as Inulin the best substance to use to measure renal clearance?
Inulin is neither reabsorbed nor actively secreted into the filtrate.
In males as well as in females, the external urethral sphincter is made up of skeletal muscle, and is thus under voluntary control. Where is the external urethral sphincter located in males?
Within the urogenital diaphragm
Which structure is last in the sequence of urine flow?
Urethra
The renal pyramids are located within the ___.
Medulla
The striated appearance of the pyramids is caused by ____.
Microtubules
The kidney secretes ____ for the purpose of stimulating bone marrow activity.
Erythropoietin
What is the function of the renal system?
Maintain blood pH
Regulate blood pressure
Control blood concentration
How much of the cardiac output passes through the kidneys?
25%
Which blood vessel delivers blood to the cortex?
Interlobular artery