Respiratory system Flashcards
Upper respiratory tract
Nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, pharynx, glottis, larynx
Lower respiratory tract
Trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, aleoli
How many lobes on the right lung?
3
How many lobes on the left lung?
2
Pleura
Membrane around the lungs
Pleural fluid
Fluid in between the lungs and pleura
Pharynx
Pathway at the beginning of the back of the throat, before the glottis
Epiglottis
Flap that covers the opening of the glottis during swallowing so food doesn’t enter the lungs
Glottis
Airway through the vocal chords
Larynx
Voice box
Trachea
Beginning of the lower respiratory tract; above the bronchi; the windpipe
Bronchi
Airway branches leading to the left and right lungs
Bronchioles
Microscopic tubes leading to alveoli
Alveoli
Air sacs of the lungs surrounded by capilaries that exchange gas
What part of the brain senses CO2 and pH?
Medulla oblongata and pons
Tidal volume
The amount of air entering the lungs during normal inhalation
Total lung capacity
The amount of air in the lungs after a maximum inspiration breath
Vital capacity
The amount of air that can be exhaled after a deep breath
Residual volume
The amount of gas left over in the lungs after maximum expiration
Total lung capacity
Vital capacity plus residual volume
Emphysema
Destruction of lung tissue. Greater than normal expansion of lungs and poor recoil- increased residual volume
Lung compliance
The ease of expanding the lungs- depends on lung tissue elasticity and alveolar tension
Diffusion
Exchange of oxygen and CO2 across the alveoli
