Respiratory System

Question 1

Two major forces keep the lungs from collapsing:

Answer 1

1. Negative intra-pleural pressure.

2. Surfactants within the alveoli fluid.

Question 2

A slight suction is maintained between the lung pleura and ____ by _____

Answer 2

thoracic cavity pleura, by negative pressure gradient (pleural pressure)

Question 3

A collapsed lung is normally brought about by:

Answer 3

neutralisation of this negative pressure

Question 4

Transpulmonary Pressure

Answer 4

760-756mmHg

Question 5

Intrapleural Pressure

Answer 5

756mmHg

Question 6

The alveoli are coated with a fluid layer to…

Answer 6

allow gases to dissolve and exchange between the alveoli and capillaries.

Question 7

Surfactant: water role

Answer 7

When water interacts with air, tension develops. Water tries to reduce the amount of surface area that is in contact with air by contracting into a ball-like shape.

Question 8

Water contracting into a ball-like shape can cause:

Answer 8

the collapse of alveoli

Question 9

To prevent the issues of water causing the collapse of alveoli…

Answer 9

surfactants are released into the fluid layer, reducing surface tension, preventing collapse of alveoli.

Question 10

Composition of Air

Answer 10

N2: 78.62
O2: 20.84
CO2: 0.04
H2O: 0.5

Question 11

Air: PP at SL

Answer 11

Total = 760mmHg
N2: 597
O2: 159
CO2: 0.3
H2O: 3.7