Respiratory System Flashcards
general functions of the respiratory system
regulates blood pH breathe to speak cough sneeze get rid of O2 bring O2 in
conducting zone
air is warmed to body temperature and moistened
air is filtered and cleaned by mucus in airways and cilia
cilia brings mucus upwards
air exchange does not occur here
bronchi
part of the conducting zone
have cartilaginous plates to give them structure
bronchioles
composed of smooth muscle and are susceptible to compression and collapse
respiratory zone
decrease in airway radius leads to an increase in airway resistance
alveoli
alveoli share walls with each other
high degree of interconnections with pores that allow for these connections
there’s a lot of contact between pulmonary capillaries and alveoli
Type I cell
made up of squamous epithelium cells
Type II cell
nmeumocytes
fewer in number
produces surfactant
visceral pleura
in contact with the lung
parietal pleura
lines the inside of the rib cage
intrapleural fluid
the space has a negative pressure, acting like a suction cup
“potential space”
intrapleural pressure
usually negative
keeps alveoli inflated/ open
Palv=Patm
no air movement occurs
transmural pressure
determines alveolar size
dynamic compression may occur when this pressure is less than or equal to zero (inspiration)
inspiration
diaphragm contracts downward, which decreases thoracic pressure and intrapleural pressure
transpulmonary pressure decreases
