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Anat/Phys > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

The functional unit of the lung

A

Alveoli

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2
Q

Functions of respiratory system

A 
Gas exchange 
Moves air in and out of alveoli
Protects passageways from toxins
Makes sound
Gives olfactory sense
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3
Q

Nose
nasal cavity
Paranasal sinuses
Pharynx

A

Upper respiratory system

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4
Q

Functions of upper respiratory system

A

Cleans air
Warms air
Moistens air

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5
Q 
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
A

Lower respiratory system

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6
Q

From entrance to bronchioles

A

Conducting portion

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7
Q

From bronchioles to alveoli

A

Respiratory portion

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8
Q

Lines the respiratory tract

A

Respiratory mucosa

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9
Q

Secretes mucous for lining

A

Lamina propina

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10
Q

Extensions that move mucous and filter air

A

Cilia

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11
Q

Nostrils

A

Nares

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12
Q

Division of the nostrils

A

Septum

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13
Q

Stores mucous to keep areas moist

A

Paranasal sinuses

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14
Q

Give sense of smell

A

Olfactory receptors

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15
Q

Cause air to sword as it enters to make more contact with he lining of the tract

A

Nasal conchae

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16
Q

Area above the soft plate

A

Nasopharynx

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17
Q

Soft palate to base of tongue

A

Oropharynx

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18
Q

Hyoid bone to epiglottis

A

Laryngopharynx

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19
Q

Made up of cartilage(hyaline)

A

Larynx

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20
Q

Opening in the larynx

A

Glottis

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21
Q

Upper front plate

A

Thyroid cartilage

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22
Q

Lower front plate

A

Cricoid cartilage

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23
Q

Flap that prevents food from entering the trachea

A

Epiglottis

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24
Q

Prevents food from entering the larynx

A

False vocal cords

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25
Q

Tissue that creates sound when it vibrates

A

True vocal cords

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26
Q

Process of creating sounds

A

Phonation

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27
Q

Windpipe
Flexible tube
5in long
Lined with mucous and cilia

A

Trachea

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28
Q

Splits once to right and the left

A

Primary bronchi

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29
Q

Area where primary bronchi, blood vessels and nerves enter the lung

A

Hilus

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30
Q

Top of lung

A

Apex

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31
Q

Bottom of lung

A

Base

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32
Q

Primary bronchi and all the branches of it

A

Bronchial tree

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33
Q

Intrapulmonary bronchi

A

Secondary bronchi

34
Q

No cartilage

A

Bronchioles

35
Q

Contain smooth muscles

A

Terminal bronchioles

36
Q

Bronchoconstriction (smaller)

A

Parasympathetic

37
Q

Bronchodialation (bigger)

A

Sympathetic

38
Q

Small segments of the lung and the blood vessels that supply them

A

Pulmonary lobules

39
Q

Tissue that covers the surface of the lungs

A

Visceral pleura

40
Q

Thin branches that bring air to the surface of the lungs

A

Respiratory bronchioles

41
Q

Remove dust particles from alveoli

A

Alveolar macrophages

42
Q

Create surfactant that keeps the walls from sticking together

A

Septal cells

43
Q

Lack of surfactant

A

Respiratory distress syndrome

44
Q

Thin layer that separates the air from the blood cells

A

Respiratory membranes

45
Q

Why does air travel from Alveoli to blood rapidly

A

Short distance

Oxygen and CO2 are lipid soluble

46
Q

Carries low oxygen blood to the lungs

A

Pulmonary artery

47
Q

Takes high oxygen blood

A

Pulmonary vein

48
Q

Diaphragm up

A

Thoracic cavity

49
Q

Around each lung

A

Pleural cavity

50
Q

Area between pleural cavities

A

Mediastinum

51
Q

Wall of the chest

A

Parietal pleura

52
Q

On surface of the lungs

A

Visceral pleura

53
Q

Lubricates the surface of the lungs

A

Peural fluid

54
Q

Exchanging gases between the air and the lungs

A

External respiration

55
Q

Exchanging gases between the blood and the cells

A

Internal respiration

56
Q

Low oxygen levels

A

Hypoxia

57
Q

Complete loss of oxygen

A

Anoxia/apoxia

58
Q

Decrease in volume increase in pressure lungs contract air out

A

Boyles law

59
Q

Pressure of surrounding air

A

Atmospheric pressure

60
Q

Pressure in the respiratory tract

A

Intrapulmonary pressure

61
Q

Air in, chest out, diaphragm down

A

Inspiration

62
Q

Air out, chest in, diaphragm up

A

Expiration

63
Q

Ability of lungs to collapse

A

Compliance

64
Q

1 inhalation and 1 exhalation

A

Respiratory cycle

65
Q

Amount of air that moves in out of the lungs in one respiratory cycle

A

Tidal volume

66
Q

Ability of the diaphragm and rib cage to vestum to its resting position

A

Elastic rebound

67
Q

of breaths per minute

A

Respiratory rate

68
Q

Area from entrance to alveoli

A

Anatomical dead space

69
Q

Air that reaches the alveoli

A

Alveolar ventilation

70
Q

Amount of air in and out at rest

A

Resting tidal volume

71
Q

Max amount of air we can force out completely

A

Expiratory reserve volume

72
Q

Amount of air remaining after forced exhalation

A

Residual volume

73
Q

Amount of air in lungs when they collapse

A

Minimum volume

74
Q

Max breath in

A

Inspiratory reserve volume

75
Q

Total amount of air in and out in one breath

A

Vital capacity

76
Q

Max air contracted in Lungs

A

Total lung capacity

77
Q

Cerebral cortex and cerebellum

A

Voluntary respiration

78
Q

Medulla oblongata and pons

A

Involuntary respiration

79
Q

factors that affect respiration

A 
Chemoreceptors 
Blood pressure 
Lung stretch receptors 
Irritation 
Pain
80
Q

Aging and respiratory system

A

Lose elasticity
Gradual emphazyma
Arthritis in rib cage

81
Q

Use of oxygen to breakdown glucose to create energy

A

Aerobic metabolism

Anat/Phys (5 decks)

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