Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAT1003 test 2 > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

what is a respiratory surface?

A

one across which o2 and co2 are exchanged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where does the swim (gas) bladder of fish lie?

A

above the gut (it develops as outgrowth of gut)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

from which part of the gut do the lungs develop?

A

the foregut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

which part of the germ layer does the lung lining come from?

A

gut endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which part of the germ layer do the surrounding tissues come from?

A

mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how many pairs of ribs are there?

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how are the ribs attached to the sternum?

A

costal cartilages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what type of cavities is the thorax divided into?

A

pleural cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what separates the pleural cavities?

A

a central wall of tissue (mediastinum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is each lung wrapped in?

A

pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which layer is the visceral pleura?

A

inner layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does the visceral pleura lie against?

A

the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

which layer is the parietal pleura?

A

outer layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does the parietal pleura attach to?

A

the inside of the rib cage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does the pleural cavity contain?

A

lubricating fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the pressure in the pleural cavity is positive. true or false?

A

false- it is negative

17
Q

what is another name for the root of the lungs?

A

the hilum

18
Q

the visceral and parietal pleura are continuous with one another at the hilum. true or false?

A

true

19
Q

how many lobes does the right lung have?

A

3 lobes

20
Q

what are the lobes of the right lung?

A

upper, middle and lower

21
Q

how many lobes does the left lung have?

A

2 lobes

22
Q

what are the lobes of the left lung?

A

upper and lower

23
Q

why is the left lung smaller than the right?

A

it fits against the cardiac notch

24
Q

what happens at the root of the lung?

A

structures enter or leave the lung

25
Q

what structures enter/leave the lung at the hilum?

A

one main bronchus, autonomic nerves, 1 pulmonary artery, 2 pulmonary veins.

26
Q

what supplies the alveoli with blood?

A

pulmonary artieries

27
Q

what is emphysema?

A

the thinning of the alveoli, loss of elastic tissue and collapse of small bronchioles and alveoli, therefore decrease in lung capacity

28
Q

where does gas exchange occur in an embryo?

A

placenta

29
Q

what is surfactant?

A

a chemical (lipid protein) that is secreted into the lungs and stops the alveoli collapsing

30
Q

when does most of lung maturation take place?

A

in the last few weeks of pregnancy

31
Q

describe the process of breathing in

A

volume of lungs increases, pressure decreases. therefore atmospheric pressure forces air into lungs. lungs expand until pressure is equal inside and out.

32
Q

describe the process of breathing out

A

volume of lungs decrease, pressure increase. therefore air forced out

33
Q

in what directions can the thoracic cavity expand?

A

bilaterally, superiorly/inferiorly, anteroposteriorly

34
Q

describe the movement of the respiratory system during inhalation.

A

first rib fixed by neck muscles (scalenes). EXTERNAL intercostal muscles pull ribs UPWARDS towards first rib. this action also moves ribs OUT and sternum FORWARDS. diaphragm CONTRACTS and FLATTENS.

35
Q

describe the movement of the respiratory system during exhalation.

A

lower rib fixed by abdominal muscles. INTERNAL intercostal muscles pull ribs DOWN. diaphragm RELAXES and returns to domed resting position.

36
Q

what is the diaphragm made of?

A

skeletal muscle and tendon

37
Q

what supplies the diaphragm?

A

left and right phrenic nerves

38
Q

how do the phrenic nerves lie in the body?

A

start in neck, travel through thorax to diaphragm

ANAT1003 test 2 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions