Respiratory system Flashcards
What is the primary responsibility of the respiratory system?
Breathing and gas exchange
What are the main components of the respiratory system?
- Nose and Navel Cavity
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Lungs
- Alveoli
What is the function of the nose and navel cavity?
Filters, warms and moistens the air
What is the role of the pharynx in the respiratory system?
Passage of food and air
What does the larynx contain?
Vocal box, involved in sound production
What is the function of the trachea?
Main airway leading to bronchi
How many lobes does the right lung have?
Three lobes (upper, middle, lower)
How many lobes does the left lung have?
Two lobes (upper, lower) and a cardiac notch
What are bronchi?
Main airways that branch from the trachea into each lung
What are bronchioles?
Smaller branches of the bronchi that lead to the alveoli
What are alveoli?
Tiny, sac-like structures at the end of bronchioles where gas exchange occurs
Approximately how many alveoli are in each lung?
300 million alveoli
What are accessory muscles used during heavy breathing?
- Scalene Muscles
- Sternocleidomastoid Muscles
- Abdominal Muscles
What is the function of the scalene muscles?
Help elevate the ribs
What is the role of abdominal muscles during forced exhalation?
Aid in pushing the diaphragm upward
