Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
What is the primary function of the musculoskeletal system?
Provides the framework for the body, supports movement, stability, and protection of organs.
What are the four key components of the musculoskeletal system?
- Bones
- Muscles
- Joints
- Tendons and ligaments
What is the structural framework of the body that protects organs and facilitates movement?
Bones
What type of bone is the dense, hard outer layer providing strength and support?
Compact Bone
What type of bone is the lighter, porous inner layer containing bone marrow?
Spongy Bone
What is the periosteum?
A membrane covering the outer surface of the bones, rich in nerves and blood vessels.
What is the function of bone marrow?
Responsible for producing red and white blood cells, and platelets.
What are osteoblasts?
Cells that build new bone tissue and secrete bone matrix.
What is the role of osteoclasts?
Break down old or damaged bone tissues.
What do osteocytes do?
Maintain bone tissue and regulate bone matrix.
What are the types of bones based on their shape?
- Long bones
- Short bones
- Flat bones
- Irregular bones
- Sesamoid bones
What is an example of a long bone?
Femur or humerus
What is the primary characteristic of fibrous joints?
Bones connected by dense connective tissue, no movement.
What type of joint allows for rotational movement?
Ball and socket joints
What is the function of tendons?
Connect muscles to bones and transmit the force generated by muscles.
What do ligaments connect?
Bones to other bones at the joint.
What is cartilage?
A flexible, semi-rigid connective tissue that provides support and cushioning.
What are the three types of muscle tissue?
- Skeletal Muscle
- Cardiac Muscle
- Smooth Muscle
What type of muscle is responsible for voluntary movement?
Skeletal Muscle
What is the characteristic of cardiac muscle cells?
Striated, branches cells with a single nucleus per cell.
Where is smooth muscle found?
In the walls of organs and blood vessels.
Fill in the blank: The ______________ tendon is an example of a tendon.
Achilles
True or False: Cartilage is harder than bone.
False
