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Biology > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

Ace the respiratory system

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1
Q

What are the Alveoli

A

Description: Thin-walled microscopic air sacs in lungs
Function: Gas exchange between air and blood

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2
Q

Nasal Cavities

A

Description: Hollow spaces in nose
Function: Filter, warm, and moisten air

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3
Q

Pharynx

A

Description: Chamber posterior to oral cavity; lies between nasal cavity and larynx
Function: Connection to surrounding regions

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4
Q

Glottis

A

Description: Opening into larynx
Function: Passage of air into larynx

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5
Q

Epiglottis

A

Description: Covers the glottis during the process of swallowing
Function: Stops food from entering your larynx

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6
Q

Larynx

A

Description: Cartilaginous organ that houses the vocal cords;voice box
Function: Sound production

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7
Q

Trachea

A

Description: Flexible tube that connects larynx with bronchi
Function: Passage of air to bronchi

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8
Q

Bronchi

A

Description: Paired tubes inferior to the trachea that enter the lungs
Function: Passage of air to lungs

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9
Q

Bronchioles

A

Description: Branched tubes that lead from bronchi to alveoli
Function: Passage of air to each alveolus

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10
Q

Lungs

A

Description: Soft, cone shaped organs that occupy lateral portions of the thoracic cavity
Function: Contain alveoli and blood vessels

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11
Q

Discuss the arrangement of the trachea, esophagus, larynx, and epiglottis, which normally prevents food from entering the trachea

A

The trachea lies in front of the esophagus. When food is swallowed, the epiglottis covers the tracheal opening (glottis) so the food slides over the epiglottis and into the esophagus.

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12
Q

Pleura

A

Description: moist membrane that encloses the lungs
Function: Smooth movement of the lungs within the chest cavity

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13
Q

Surface Tension

A

Tendency for water molecules to cling to each other due to hydrogen bonding

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14
Q

Internal Respiration

A

the exchange of gases between blood and tissue cells in systemic capillaries

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15
Q

External Respiration

A

the exchange of gases between air in the alveoli and blood in the pulmonary capillaries

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16
Q

What are the alveoli lined with? What’s this useful for?

A

The alveoli are lined with a surfactant

It lowers the surface tension and prevents them from closing

17
Q

Tidal Volume

A

Tidal volume is the amount of air normally moved in the body during inspiration and expiration

18
Q

Vital Capacity

A

Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air moved in or out of the body with each breathing cycle

19
Q

What controls the rhythm of ventilation

A

It’s controlled by a respiratory centre located in the medulla oblongata of the brain

20
Q

Expiratory Reserve Volume

A

This is the volume of air forcefully exhaled beyond the tidal volume

21
Q

Residual Volume

A

Is the amount of volume left inside the lungs after forced exhalation

22
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

monitor levels of carbon dioxide, hydrogen ions, and oxygen in the blood

23
Q

What are the two acids form when you’re exercising

A

Lactic Acid

CO2 + H2O H2CO3 H+ + HCO3-

24
Q

Adhesion

A

Between water and membrane

25
Q

Cohesion

A

Between two waters

26
Q

Pleura

A

The structure that will allow the expansion to happen easier (without any friction) without damaging its surroundings.

27
Q

Respiration Equation

A

Glucose + Oxygen —> Carbon dioxide + water + energy

Biology (7 decks)

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