RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Question 1

System that consists of all the organs responsible for the process of breathing. It has 2 important function

a. bring oxygen (O2) inside our body.
b. Remove Carbon Dioxide ( CO2) from our body.

protecting body from temperature fluctuations and entrance of Pathogens.
Production of Sounds.

Answer 1

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Question 2

Composed of the nose, the pharynx, and the larynx, the organs of the upper respiratory tract are located outside the chest cavity.

Answer 2

Upper respiratory tract

Question 2

Composed of the trachea, the lungs, and all segments of the bronchial tree (including the alveoli), the organs of the lower respiratory tract are located inside the chest cavity.

Answer 2

Lower respiratory tract

Question 3

Movement of air into and out of the lungs

Answer 3

Pulmonary ventilation

Question 4

Exchange of gases between the air and the blood in the lungs oxygen diffuses into the blood, carbon dioxide diffuses into the lungs.

Answer 4

External respiration

Question 5

Movement of gases from the lungs to the body cells and back, accomplished by the cardiovascular system.

Answer 5

Transport

Question 6

Exchange of gases between the blood and body cells. oxygen diffuses into the cells and carbon dioxide moves into the blood.

Answer 6

Internal respiration

Question 7

functions to allow air to enter the respiratory system upon respiration. Structures within the cavity regulate the flow of air and particles it contains.

Answer 7

Nasal Cavity

Question 8

_____________ of the nasal cavity regulates the sense of smell.

Answer 8

Olfactory

Question 9

The _____________ is the dilated area at the nostril opening.

Answer 9

Nasal vestibule

Question 10

The _____________ of the nasal cavity refers to the passages through which air travels into the respiratory system.

Answer 10

Respiratory section

Question 11

The ___________ receptors (receptors for smell sensations) are found in this section of the nasal cavity. Bowman’s glands are also found in this section of the nasal cavity.

Answer 11

Olfactory Region

Question 12

The _______________ of the nasal mucosa expand the total surface area of the mucosa and create turbulence in air entering the respiratory passage. This causes air to swirl as it moves through the nasal cavity and increases contact between infiltrating air and the nasal mucosa, allowing particles in the air to be trapped before entering other parts of the respiratory system (e.g. the lungs).

Answer 12

conchae (turbinate bones)

Question 13

secrete the majority of the mucus which overlies the nerves of the olfactory system. They also secrete the pigment which gives this mucus its yellow colour.

Answer 13

Bowman’s glands

Question 14

______________ which project from the epithelium and line the nasal mucosa create motions which drain mucus from the nasal passage to the throat from where it is swallowed and digested by stomach juices.

Answer 14

Cillia

Question 15

is a tube formed by skeletal muscle and lined by mucous membrane that is continuous with that of the nasal cavities.

Answer 15

Pharynx

Question 16

superior region behind nasal cavity

Answer 16

Nasopharynx

Question 17

middle region behind mouth

Answer 17

Oropharynx

Question 18

inferior region that connects to larynx

Answer 18

Laryngopharynx

Question 19

The ___________ is a cartilaginous structure inferior to the laryngopharynx that connects the pharynx to the trachea and helps regulate the volume of air that enters and leaves the lungs.

Answer 19

Larynx

Question 20

largest of the hyaline cartilages, protrudes anteriorly and is commonly called the Adam’s apple

Answer 20

Thyroid Cartilage

Question 21

forms the attachment to trachea

Answer 21

Cricoid cartilage

Question 22

flap of elastic cartilage that guards the entrance into the larynx; when we are breathing the flap is open, when we swallow, the larynx is pulled upward and the ________ closes

Answer 22

Epiglottis

Question 23

folds within the larynx that vibrate with expelled air

Answer 23

Vocal cords (vocal folds)

Question 24

The ________ (windpipe) extends from the larynx toward the lungs.

Answer 24

Trachea

Question 25

right and left branches of the trachea that enter the lungs

Answer 25

Primary bronchi

Question 26

branches of the primary that enter each lobe of the lungs

Answer 26

Secondary bronchi

Question 27

more branches of the secondary bronchi

Answer 27

Tertiary bronchi

Question 28

smallest branches within the lungs

Answer 28

Bronchioles

Question 29

microscopic branches of the bronchioles

Answer 29

Alveolar ducts

Question 30

terminal air sacs where gas exchange takes place (anatomy resembles a bunch of grapes)

Answer 30

Alveoli

Question 31

The __________ are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either side of the chest (thorax). The trachea (windpipe) conducts inhaled air into the _______ through its tubular branches, called bronchi.

Answer 31

Lungs

Question 32

The ___________ is the largest lobe of the right lung. It extends from the apex of the lung down to the horizontal and oblique fissures. It bears apical, anterior, and posterior bronchopulmonary segments.

Answer 32

The Upper Lobe (Right Lung)

Question 33

The ____________ is the smallest lobe of the right lung, located between the horizontal and oblique fissures. It bears medial and lateral bronchopulmonary segments.

Answer 33

The Middle Lobe (Right Lung)

Question 34

The ____________ is the bottom lobe of the right lung. It lies beneath the oblique fissure. It bears medial, lateral, superior, anterior, and posterior bronchopulmonary segments.

Answer 34

The Lower Lobe (Right Lung)

Question 37

The upper lobe of the left lung contains anterior and apicoposterior bronchopulmonary segments. It is above the oblique fissure.

Answer 37

The Upper Lobe (Left Lung)

Question 38

The lower lobe of the left lung contains superior, anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral bronchopulmonary segments.

Answer 38

The Lower Lobe (Left Lung)

Question 39

Adjacent to the inner thoracic wall and Diaphragm.

Answer 39

Parietal Pleura

Question 40

Adjacent to the Surface of the lungs.

Answer 40

Visceral Pleura/Pulmonary Pleura

Question 41

________ keeps the lungs elastic.

Answer 41

Pleural Space

Question 42

The ______________ is a thin skeletal muscle that sits at the base of the chest and separates the abdomen from the chest. It contracts and flattens when you inhale. This creates a vacuum effect that pulls air into the lungs. When you exhale, the ________ relaxes and the air is pushed out of lungs.

Answer 42

Diaphragm